In situ and operando force-based atomic force microscopy for probing local functionality in energy storage materials

Gao, Qiang; Tsai, Wan‐Yu; Balke, Nina

doi:10.1002/elsa.202100038

Title: In situ and operando force-based atomic force microscopy for probing local functionality in energy storage materials

Journal Article · Mon May 24 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Electrochemical science advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/elsa.202100038· OSTI ID:1785189

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Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)

Electrochemical energy storage is the key enabling component of electric vehicles and solar-/wind-based energy technologies. The enhancement of energy stored requires the detailed understanding of charge storage mechanisms and local electrochemical and electromechanical phenomena over a variety of length scales from atoms to full cells. Classical electrochemical techniques, such as voltammetry, represent the macroscopic electrochemical properties, and consequently do not allow to extract important information about local electrochemical reactions, ions adsorption, intercalations, and transport. Understanding, controlling, and tuning the local electrochemical functionalities in functional energy materials require in situ/operando techniques which limit the use of structural and functional characterization techniques that provide local information. Here, force-based atomic force microscopies (AFMs) have provided novel insights into locally probing electrochemical mechanisms on tens of nanometer and even molecular length scales and provide a viable pathway to probe electrochemical processes in situ/operando. In this review, we highlight the contributions in the development and application of force-based AFM methods to elucidate the local charge storage mechanism in a variety of energy-related materials. We will focus in particular on methods or AFM modalities in a liquid electrolyte environment.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1785189

Journal Information:: Electrochemical science advances, Vol. 2, Issue 1; ISSN 2698-5977

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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