Thermal and magnetic evolution of a crystallizing basal magma ocean in Earth's mantle

Blanc, Nicolas A.; Stegman, Dave R.; Ziegler, Leah B.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116085

Thermal and magnetic evolution of a crystallizing basal magma ocean in Earth's mantle

Journal Article · Wed Jan 22 23:00:00 EST 2020 · Earth and Planetary Science Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116085· OSTI ID:1783795

^[1]; Stegman, Dave R. ^[2]; Ziegler, Leah B. ^[2]

Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States); The Regents of the University of California; University of California, San Diego
Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)

We present the thermochemical evolution of a downward crystallizing basal magma ocean (BMO) overlying the liquid outer core and probe its capability to dissipate enough power to generate and sustain an early dynamo. Furthermore, a total of 61 out of 112 scenarios for a BMO with imposed, present-day heat flux, Q_BMO, values of 15, 18, and 21 TW and radiogenic heat, Q_r, values of 4, 8, and 12 TW fully crystallized during the age of the Earth. Most of these models are energetically capable of inducing magnetic activity for the first 1.5 Gyrs, at least, with durations extending to 2.5 Gyrs; with final core-mantle boundary (CMB) temperatures of 4400 ±500 K-well within current best estimates for inferred temperatures. None of the models with Q_BMO = 12 TW achieved a fully crystallized state, which may reflect a lower bound on the present-day heat flux across the CMB. BMO-powered dynamos exhibit strong dependence on the partition coefficient of iron into the liquid layer and its associated melting-point depression for a lower mantle composition at near-CMB conditions-parameters which are poorly constrained to date. Nonetheless, we show that a crystallizing BMO is a plausible mechanism to sustain an early magnetic field.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003842

OSTI ID:: 1783795

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1702102

Journal Information:: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Journal Name: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Vol. 534; ISSN 0012-821X

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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