The effect of local chemical ordering on Frank-Read source activation in a refractory multi-principal element alloy

Smith, Lauren Taylor Wisbey; Su, Yanqing; Xu, Shuozhi; Hunter, Abigail; Beyerlein, Irene Jane

doi:10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102850

The effect of local chemical ordering on Frank-Read source activation in a refractory multi-principal element alloy

Journal Article · Tue Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · International Journal of Plasticity

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102850· OSTI ID:1783527

Smith, Lauren Taylor Wisbey ^[1]; Su, Yanqing ^[2]; Xu, Shuozhi ^[3]; ^[4]; Beyerlein, Irene Jane ^[5]

Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). California NanoSystems Inst.
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). California NanoSystems Inst.

In this work, we investigate the operation of Frank-Read (FR) sources in a refractory multi-principal element alloy (MPEA). Simulations of discrete dislocation motion in MPEAs is enabled by the development of a phase field dislocation dynamics model that treats the atomic-scale fluctuations in lattice energies across the glide plane, present due to local ordering in the chemical composition within the nominally random MPEA atomic structure. We consider, through simulation, a range of length scales over which ordering occurs, varying from short-range lengths, a few times dislocation core width, to long-range lengths, an order of magnitude longer than the core. Characteristic of this body-centered cubic MPEA, the simulations also include screw/edge character dependence in glide resistance, as informed by atomic scale simulation. The critical stresses to activate the source for the same source size are found to be statistically distributed, as a direct consequence of the underlying variation in lattice energy. Furthermore, analysis of critical state for activating edge and screw FR sources in the MPEA reveals that FR source operation occurs via a two-step mechanism, involving athermal kink-pair formation, unlike the conventional FR source operation in a material with no composition fluctuations. This mechanism lowers the average critical stress required to activate the FR source and causes the statistical dispersion in critical stress to depend on the range of composition ordering. More importantly, it leads to a more severe dependence of source strength on FR source length than predicted by line tension alone.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); US Office of Naval Research (ONR); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1783527

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1659552

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--20-24081

Journal Information:: International Journal of Plasticity, Journal Name: International Journal of Plasticity Vol. 134; ISSN 0749-6419

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (77)

Allgemeine Kontinuumstheorie der Versetzungen und Eigenspannungen Kröner, Ekkehart Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00281393	journal	January 1959
Short-Range Order in High Entropy Alloys: Theoretical Formulation and Application to Mo-Nb-Ta-V-W System Fernández-Caballero, A.; Wróbel, J. S.; Mummery, P. M. Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion, Vol. 38, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-017-0582-3	journal	July 2017
Simulation of 3-D random rough surface by 2-D digital filter and fourier analysis Hu, Y. Z.; Tonder, K. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 32, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0890-6955(92)90064-N	journal	February 1992
A phase-field theory of dislocation dynamics, strain hardening and hysteresis in ductile single crystals Koslowski, M.; Cuitiño, A. M.; Ortiz, M. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 50, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(02)00037-6	journal	December 2002
The glide of screw dislocations in bcc Fe: Atomistic static and dynamic simulations☆ Chaussidon, J.; Fivel, M.; Rodney, D. Acta Materialia, Vol. 54, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.03.044	journal	August 2006
First-principles study on the mobility of screw dislocations in bcc iron Itakura, M.; Kaburaki, H.; Yamaguchi, M. Acta Materialia, Vol. 60, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2012.03.033	journal	May 2012
Ab initio investigation of the Peierls potential of screw dislocations in bcc Fe and W Ventelon, Lisa; Willaime, F.; Clouet, E. Acta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.03.012	journal	June 2013
The influences of temperature and microstructure on the tensile properties of a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy Otto, F.; Dlouhý, A.; Somsen, Ch. Acta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.06.018	journal	September 2013
Relationship between monolayer stacking faults and twins in nanocrystals Hunter, A.; Beyerlein, I. J. Acta Materialia, Vol. 88 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2014.12.045	journal	April 2015
Emergence of grain-size effects in nanocrystalline metals from statistical activation of discrete dislocation sources Yuan, Rui; Beyerlein, Irene J.; Zhou, Caizhi Acta Materialia, Vol. 90 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2015.02.035	journal	May 2015
A critical review of high entropy alloys and related concepts Miracle, D. B.; Senkov, O. N. Acta Materialia, Vol. 122 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.08.081	journal	January 2017
Atomistic simulations of dislocations in a model BCC multicomponent concentrated solid solution alloy Rao, S. I.; Varvenne, C.; Woodward, C. Acta Materialia, Vol. 125 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.011	journal	February 2017
Atomistic simulations of dislocation behavior in a model FCC multicomponent concentrated solid solution alloy Rao, S. I.; Woodward, C.; Parthasarathy, T. A. Acta Materialia, Vol. 134 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.05.071	journal	August 2017
Study of a bcc multi-principal element alloy: Tensile and simple shear properties and underlying deformation mechanisms Lilensten, L.; Couzinié, J. -P.; Perrière, L. Acta Materialia, Vol. 142 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.09.062	journal	January 2018
Conventional vs harmonic-structured β-Ti-25Nb-25Zr alloys: A comparative study of deformation mechanisms Mompiou, F.; Tingaud, D.; Chang, Y. Acta Materialia, Vol. 161 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.09.032	journal	December 2018
Effects of the stacking fault energy fluctuations on the strengthening of alloys Zeng, Yifei; Cai, Xiaorong; Koslowski, Marisol Acta Materialia, Vol. 164 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.09.066	journal	February 2019
The effect of randomness on the strength of high-entropy alloys Zhang, Luchan; Xiang, Yang; Han, Jian Acta Materialia, Vol. 166 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.12.032	journal	March 2019
Modeling solution hardening in BCC refractory complex concentrated alloys: NbTiZr, Nb1.5TiZr0.5 and Nb0.5TiZr1.5 Rao, S. I.; Akdim, B.; Antillon, E. Acta Materialia, Vol. 168 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.02.013	journal	April 2019
Theory of screw dislocation strengthening in random BCC alloys from dilute to “High-Entropy” alloys Maresca, Francesco; Curtin, William A. Acta Materialia, Vol. 182 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.10.007	journal	January 2020
Mechanistic origin of high strength in refractory BCC high entropy alloys up to 1900K Maresca, Francesco; Curtin, William A. Acta Materialia, Vol. 182 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.10.015	journal	January 2020
Simulations of bcc tantalum screw dislocations: Why classical inter-atomic potentials predict {112} slip Hale, Lucas M.; Zimmerman, Jonathan A.; Weinberger, Christopher R. Computational Materials Science, Vol. 90 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.03.064	journal	July 2014
A 3D phase field dislocation dynamics model for body-centered cubic crystals Peng, Xiaoyao; Mathew, Nithin; Beyerlein, Irene J. Computational Materials Science, Vol. 171 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2019.109217	journal	January 2020
Elastic constants of pure body-centered cubic Mg in nanolaminates Su, Yanqing; Ardeljan, Milan; Knezevic, Marko Computational Materials Science, Vol. 174 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2019.109501	journal	March 2020
A continuum model for dislocation dynamics incorporating Frank–Read sources and Hall–Petch relation in two dimensions Zhu, Yichao; Wang, Hanquan; Zhu, Xiaohong International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 60 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2014.04.013	journal	September 2014
A differential-exponential hardening law for non-Schmid crystal plasticity finite element modeling of ferrite single crystals Mapar, A.; Ghassemi-Armaki, H.; Pourboghrat, F. International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 91 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2016.11.009	journal	April 2017
Dislocation-density dynamics for modeling the cores and Peierls stress of curved dislocations Zhang, Yuqi; Ngan, Alfonso H. W. International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 104 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.01.009	journal	May 2018
Modeling the temperature and high strain rate sensitivity in BCC iron: Atomistically informed multiscale dislocation dynamics simulations El Ters, Pascale; Shehadeh, Mutasem A. International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 112 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.09.002	journal	January 2019
Strength and ductility of CrFeCoNiMo alloy with hierarchical microstructures Ming, Kaisheng; Bi, Xiaofang; Wang, Jian International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.10.005	journal	February 2019
Towards a greater understanding of serrated flows in an Al-containing high-entropy-based alloy Brechtl, J.; Chen, S. Y.; Xie, X. International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 115 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.11.011	journal	April 2019
An atomistically informed kinetic Monte Carlo model for predicting solid solution strengthening of body-centered cubic alloys Shinzato, Shuhei; Wakeda, Masato; Ogata, Shigenobu International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 122 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2019.03.004	journal	November 2019
Simultaneously enhancing strength and ductility of a high-entropy alloy via gradient hierarchical microstructures Hasan, M. N.; Liu, Y. F.; An, X. H. International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 123 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2019.07.017	journal	December 2019
Analysis of strengthening due to grain boundaries and annealing twin boundaries in the CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy Schneider, M.; George, E. P.; Manescau, T. J. International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 124 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2019.08.009	journal	January 2020
Predicting the size scaling in strength of nanolayered materials by a discrete slip crystal plasticity model Chen, Tianju; Yuan, Rui; Beyerlein, Irene J. International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 124 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2019.08.016	journal	January 2020
Study of the plastic deformation mechanism of TRIP–TWIP high entropy alloys at the atomic level Bahramyan, Mehran; Mousavian, Reza Taherzadeh; Brabazon, Dermot International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 127 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2019.102649	journal	April 2020
Quantifying the dynamics of dislocation kinks in iron and tungsten through atomistic simulations Ji, Rigelesaiyin; Phan, Thanh; Chen, Hao International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 128 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102675	journal	May 2020
Comparative modeling of the disregistry and Peierls stress for dissociated edge and screw dislocations in Al Xu, Shuozhi; Mianroodi, Jaber R.; Hunter, Abigail International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 129 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102689	journal	June 2020
Single crystal yield criterion for chromium based on atomistic studies of isolated 1/2[111] screw dislocations Gröger, Roman; Vitek, Vaclav International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 132 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102733	journal	September 2020
Tensile properties of high- and medium-entropy alloys Gali, A.; George, E. P. Intermetallics, Vol. 39 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2013.03.018	journal	August 2013
Atomistic calculations of the generalized stacking fault energies in two refractory multi-principal element alloys Xu, Shuozhi; Hwang, Emily; Jian, Wu-Rong Intermetallics, Vol. 124 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2020.106844	journal	September 2020
Ductile Nb alloys with reduced density and cost Senkov, O. N.; Rao, S. I.; Butler, T. M. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 808 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151685	journal	November 2019
A phase field model for dislocations in hexagonal close packed crystals Albrecht, C.; Hunter, A.; Kumar, A. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 137 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2019.103823	journal	April 2020
Frank-Read source operation in six body-centered cubic refractory metals Xu, Shuozhi; Su, Yanqing; Smith, Lauren  T.  W. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 141 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2020.104017	journal	August 2020
Microstructural investigation of plastically deformed Ti20Zr20Hf20Nb20Ta20 high entropy alloy by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy Dirras, G.; Gubicza, J.; Heczel, A. Materials Characterization, Vol. 108 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2015.08.007	journal	October 2015
Body-centered cubic high-entropy alloys: From processing to underlying deformation mechanisms Couzinié, J. -P.; Dirras, G. Materials Characterization, Vol. 147 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2018.07.015	journal	January 2019
Modeling dislocations with arbitrary character angle in face-centered cubic transition metals using the phase-field dislocation dynamics method with full anisotropic elasticity Xu, Shuozhi; Su, Yanqing; Beyerlein, Irene J. Mechanics of Materials, Vol. 139 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2019.103200	journal	December 2019
On the room temperature deformation mechanisms of a TiZrHfNbTa refractory high-entropy alloy Couzinié, J. -Ph.; Lilensten, L.; Champion, Y. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 645 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2015.08.024	journal	October 2015
Properties of dislocation lines in crystals with strong atomic-scale disorder Zhai, Jian-Hui; Zaiser, Michael Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 740-741 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.10.010	journal	January 2019
Microstructures and properties of high-entropy alloys Zhang, Yong; Zuo, Ting Ting; Tang, Zhi Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 61 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2013.10.001	journal	April 2014
Mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys with emphasis on face-centered cubic alloys Li, Zezhou; Zhao, Shiteng; Ritchie, Robert O. Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 102 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2018.12.003	journal	May 2019
Solution hardening in body-centered cubic quaternary alloys interpreted using Suzuki's kink-solute interaction model Rao, S. I.; Antillon, E.; Woodward, C. Scripta Materialia, Vol. 165 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2019.02.012	journal	May 2019
Understanding the physical metallurgy of the CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy: an atomistic simulation study Choi, Won-Mi; Jo, Yong Hee; Sohn, Seok Su npj Computational Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-017-0060-9	journal	January 2018
Local-environment dependence of stacking fault energies in concentrated solid-solution alloys Zhao, Shijun; Osetsky, Yuri; Stocks, G. Malcolm npj Computational Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-019-0150-y	journal	February 2019
Complex strengthening mechanisms in the NbMoTaW multi-principal element alloy Li, Xiang-Guo; Chen, Chi; Zheng, Hui npj Computational Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-020-0339-0	journal	June 2020
Short-range order and its impact on the CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy Zhang, Ruopeng; Zhao, Shiteng; Ding, Jun Nature, Vol. 581, Issue 7808 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2275-z	journal	May 2020
Coupled crystal orientation-size effects on the strength of nano crystals Yuan, Rui; Beyerlein, Irene J.; Zhou, Caizhi Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep26254	journal	May 2016
Density functional theory calculations of generalized stacking fault energy surfaces for eight face-centered cubic transition metals Su, Yanqing; Xu, Shuozhi; Beyerlein, Irene J. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 126, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115282	journal	September 2019
Singular orientations and faceted motion of dislocations in body-centered cubic crystals Kang, K.; Bulatov, V. V.; Cai, W. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1206079109	journal	September 2012
Tunable stacking fault energies by tailoring local chemical order in CrCoNi medium-entropy alloys Ding, Jun; Yu, Qin; Asta, Mark Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808660115	journal	August 2018
Unusual activated processes controlling dislocation motion in body-centered-cubic high-entropy alloys Chen, Bing; Li, Suzhi; Zong, Hongxiang Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919136117	journal	June 2020
Phase-field-based calculations of the disregistry fields of static extended dislocations in FCC metals Xu, Shuozhi; Mianroodi, Jaber R.; Hunter, Abigail Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 99, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2019.1582850	journal	February 2019
LXV. On the theory of the low-temperature internal friction peak observed in metals Seeger, Alfred Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 1, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435608244000	journal	July 1956
The bowing of a dislocation segment Foreman, A. J. E. Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 15, Issue 137 https://doi.org/10.1080/14786436708221645	journal	May 1967
The thermally activated deformation of niobium-molybdenum and niobium-rhenium alloy single crystals Statham, C. D.; Koss, D. A.; Christian, J. W. Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 26, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1080/14786437208227366	journal	November 1972
A comparison of different continuum approaches in modeling mixed-type dislocations in Al Xu, Shuozhi; Smith, Lauren; Mianroodi, Jaber R. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 27, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-651X/ab2d16	journal	July 2019
Ab initio -informed phase-field modeling of dislocation core structures in equal-molar CoNiRu multi-principal element alloys Su, Yanqing; Xu, Shuozhi; Beyerlein, Irene J. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 27, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-651X/ab3b62	journal	August 2019
Understanding dislocation mechanics at the mesoscale using phase field dislocation dynamics Beyerlein, I. J.; Hunter, A. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 374, Issue 2066 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0166	journal	April 2016
Multiplication Processes for Slow Moving Dislocations Frank, F. C.; Read, W. T. Physical Review, Vol. 79, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.79.722	journal	August 1950
Peierls potential of screw dislocations in bcc transition metals: Predictions from density functional theory Weinberger, Christopher R.; Tucker, Garritt J.; Foiles, Stephen M. Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.054114	journal	February 2013
Ab initio modeling of the two-dimensional energy landscape of screw dislocations in bcc transition metals Dezerald, L.; Ventelon, Lisa; Clouet, E. Physical Review B, Vol. 89, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.024104	journal	January 2014
Phase stability of ternary fcc and bcc Fe-Cr-Ni alloys Wróbel, Jan S.; Nguyen-Manh, Duc; Lavrentiev, Mikhail Yu. Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.024108	journal	January 2015
First-principles prediction of kink-pair activation enthalpy on screw dislocations in bcc transition metals: V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, and Fe Dezerald, L.; Proville, L.; Ventelon, Lisa Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.094105	journal	March 2015
Atomic short-range order and incipient long-range order in high-entropy alloys Singh, Prashant; Smirnov, A. V.; Johnson, D. D. Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.224204	journal	June 2015
Local Structure and Short-Range Order in a NiCoCr Solid Solution Alloy Zhang, F. X.; Zhao, Shijun; Jin, Ke Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.205501	journal	May 2017
Ab Initio Study of Screw Dislocations in Mo and Ta: A New Picture of Plasticity in bcc Transition Metals Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab; Arias, T. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 84, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.1499	journal	February 2000
Multiplicity of dislocation pathways in a refractory multiprincipal element alloy Wang, Fulin; Balbus, Glenn H.; Xu, Shuozhi Science, Vol. 370, Issue 6512 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3722	journal	October 2020
Slip planes in bcc transition metals Weinberger, C. R.; Boyce, B. L.; Battaile, C. C. International Materials Reviews, Vol. 58, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1179/1743280412Y.0000000015	journal	June 2013
Development and exploration of refractory high entropy alloys—A review Senkov, Oleg N.; Miracle, Daniel B.; Chaput, Kevin J. Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 33, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2018.153	journal	June 2018

Similar Records

Transitions in the morphology and critical stresses of gliding dislocations in multiprincipal element alloys

Journal Article · Thu Jan 06 23:00:00 EST 2022 · Physical Review Materials · OSTI ID:1865000

An analysis of key characteristics of the Frank-Read source process in FCC metals

Journal Article · Sat Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids · OSTI ID:1533999

Phase-field dislocation modeling of cross-slip

Journal Article · Sun Jan 02 23:00:00 EST 2022 · Journal of Materials Science · OSTI ID:1840885

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
dislocations
dynamics
inhomogeneous material
medium entropy alloy
metallic material

The effect of local chemical ordering on Frank-Read source activation in a refractory multi-principal element alloy

Citation Formats

References (77)

Similar Records

Related Subjects