FMX – the Frontier Microfocusing Macromolecular Crystallography Beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source II

Schneider, Dieter K.; Shi, Wuxian; Andi, Babak; Jakoncic, Jean; Gao, Yuan; Bhogadi, Dileep K.; Myers, Stuart F.; Martins, Bruno; Skinner, John M.; Aishima, Jun; Qian, Kun; Bernstein, Herbert J.; Lazo, Edwin O.; Langdon, Thomas; Lara, John; Shea-McCarthy, Grace; Idir, Mourad; Huang, Lei; Chubar, Oleg; Sweet, Robert M.; Berman, Lonny E.; McSweeney, Sean; Fuchs, Martin R.

doi:10.1107/S1600577520016173

Title: FMX – the Frontier Microfocusing Macromolecular Crystallography Beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source II

Journal Article · Thu Feb 25 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Journal of Synchrotron Radiation (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577520016173· OSTI ID:1783372

Schneider, Dieter K.; Shi, Wuxian;

; Jakoncic, Jean; Gao, Yuan;

; Myers, Stuart F.; Martins, Bruno; Skinner, John M.; Aishima, Jun; Qian, Kun;

;

; Langdon, Thomas; Lara, John; Shea-McCarthy, Grace; Idir, Mourad; Huang, Lei; Chubar, Oleg;

Two new macromolecular crystallography (MX) beamlines at the National Synchrotron Light Source II, FMX and AMX, opened for general user operation in February 2017 [Schneider et al. (2013). J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 425, 012003; Fuchs et al. (2014). J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 493, 012021; Fuchs et al. (2016). AIP Conf. Proc. SRI2015, 1741, 030006]. FMX, the micro-focusing Frontier MX beamline in sector 17-ID-2 at NSLS-II, covers a 5–30 keV photon energy range and delivers a flux of 4.0 × 10¹² photons s^-1 at 1 Å into a 1 µm × 1.5 µm to 10 µm × 10 µm (V × H) variable focus, expected to reach 5 × 1012 photons s-1 at final storage-ring current. This flux density surpasses most MX beamlines by nearly two orders of magnitude. The high brightness and microbeam capability of FMX are focused on solving difficult crystallographic challenges. The beamline's flexible design supports a wide range of structure determination methods – serial crystallography on micrometre-sized crystals, raster optimization of diffraction from inhomogeneous crystals, high-resolution data collection from large-unit-cell crystals, room-temperature data collection for crystals that are difficult to freeze and for studying conformational dynamics, and fully automated data collection for sample-screening and ligand-binding studies. FMX's high dose rate reduces data collection times for applications like serial crystallography to minutes rather than hours. With associated sample lifetimes as short as a few milliseconds, new rapid sample-delivery methods have been implemented, such as an ultra-high-speed high-precision piezo scanner goniometer [Gao et al. (2018). J. Synchrotron Rad. 25, 1362–1370], new microcrystal-optimized micromesh well sample holders [Guo et al. (2018). IUCrJ, 5, 238–246] and highly viscous media injectors [Weierstall et al. (2014). Nat. Commun. 5, 3309]. Overall, the new beamline pushes the frontier of synchrotron crystallography and enables users to determine structures from difficult-to-crystallize targets like membrane proteins, using previously intractable crystals of a few micrometres in size, and to obtain quality structures from irregular larger crystals.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: BER-BO 070; BES-FWP-PS001; AC02-76SF00515; SC0012704; 1P30GM133893

OSTI ID:: 1783372

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1776778; OSTI ID: 1823623

Report Number(s):: BNL-222103-2021-JAAM; JSYRES; PII: S1600577520016173

Journal Information:: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation (Online), Journal Name: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation (Online) Vol. 28 Journal Issue: 2; ISSN 1600-5775

Publisher:: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Denmark

Language:: English

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macromolecular crystallography
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beamlines
endstations

Title: FMX – the Frontier Microfocusing Macromolecular Crystallography Beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source II

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