Post-Synthetic Reduction of Pectin Methylesterification Causes Morphological Abnormalities and Alterations to Stress Response in Arabidopsis thaliana

Reem, Nathan T.; Chambers, Lauran; Zhang, Ning; Abdullah, Siti Farah; Chen, Yintong; Feng, Guanhua; Gao, Song; Soto-Burgos, Junmarie; Pogorelko, Gennady; Bassham, Diane C.; Anderson, Charles T.; Walley, Justin W.; Zabotina, Olga A.

doi:10.3390/plants9111558

Title: Post-Synthetic Reduction of Pectin Methylesterification Causes Morphological Abnormalities and Alterations to Stress Response in Arabidopsis thaliana

Journal Article · Thu Nov 12 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Plants

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111558· OSTI ID:1783232

Reem, Nathan T. ^[1]; Chambers, Lauran ^[1]; Zhang, Ning ^[1]; Abdullah, Siti Farah ^[1]; Chen, Yintong ^[2]; Feng, Guanhua ^[2]; Gao, Song ^[3]; Soto-Burgos, Junmarie ^[4];

^[1];

^[4];

^[2]; Walley, Justin W. ^[3];

^[1]

Idaho State Univ., Pocatello, ID (United States). Dept. of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Biology
Idaho State Univ., Pocatello, ID (United States). Dept. of Plant Pathology & Microbiology
Idaho State Univ., Pocatello, ID (United States). Dept. of Genetics, Development & Cell Biology

Pectin is a critical component of the plant cell wall, supporting wall biomechanics and contributing to cell wall signaling in response to stress. The plant cell carefully regulates pectin methylesterification with endogenous pectin methylesterases (PMEs) and their inhibitors (PMEIs) to promote growth and protect against pathogens. We expressed Aspergillus nidulans pectin methylesterase (AnPME) in Arabidopsis thaliana plants to determine the impacts of methylesterification status on pectin function. Plants expressing AnPME had a roughly 50% reduction in methylester content compared with control plants. AnPME plants displayed a severe dwarf phenotype, including small, bushy rosettes and shorter roots. This phenotype was caused by a reduction in cell elongation. Cell wall composition was altered in AnPME plants, with significantly more arabinose and significantly less galacturonic acid, suggesting that plants actively monitor and compensate for altered pectin content. Cell walls of AnPME plants were more readily degraded by polygalacturonase (PG) alone but were less susceptible to treatment with a mixture of PG and PME. AnPME plants were insensitive to osmotic stress, and their susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea was comparable to wild type plants despite their compromised cell walls. This is likely due to upregulated expression of defense response genes observed in AnPME plants. These results demonstrate the importance of pectin in both normal growth and development, and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses.

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Research Organization:: Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11358; 015227-00005; MCB-1616316

OSTI ID:: 1783232

Report Number(s):: IS-J-10,480

Journal Information:: Plants, Vol. 9, Issue 11; ISSN 2223-7747

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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