Time-reversal symmetry breaking in two-dimensional nonequilibrium viscous fluids

Epstein, Jeffrey M.; Mandadapu, Kranthi K.

doi:10.1103/physreve.101.052614

Time-reversal symmetry breaking in two-dimensional nonequilibrium viscous fluids

Journal Article · Wed May 27 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review. E

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.101.052614· OSTI ID:1783097

^[1]; Mandadapu, Kranthi K. ^[2]

Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

In this work, we study the rheological signatures of departure from equilibrium in two-dimensional viscous fluids with and without internal spin. Under the assumption of isotropy, we provide the most general linear constitutive relations for stress and couple stress in terms of the velocity and spin fields. Invoking Onsager's regression hypothesis for fluctuations about steady states, we derive the Green-Kubo formulas relating the transport coefficients to time-correlation functions of the fluctuating stress. In doing so, we show that one of the nonequilibrium transport coefficients, the odd viscosity, requires time-reversal symmetry breaking in the case of systems without internal spin. However, the Green-Kubo relations for systems with internal spin also show that there is a possibility for nonvanishing odd viscosity even when time-reversal symmetry is preserved. Furthermore, we find that breakdown of equipartition in nonequilibrium steady states results in the decoupling of the two rotational viscosities relating the vorticity and the internal spin.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1783097

Journal Information:: Physical Review. E, Journal Name: Physical Review. E Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 101; ISSN 2470-0045

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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