Urban Forests as Main Regulator of the Evaporative Cooling Effect in Cities

Paschalis, Athanasios; Chakraborty, TC; Fatichi, Simone; Meili, Naika; Manoli, Gabriele

doi:10.1029/2020AV000303

Urban Forests as Main Regulator of the Evaporative Cooling Effect in Cities

Journal Article · Tue May 04 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · AGU Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000303· OSTI ID:1781273

^[1]; Chakraborty, TC ^[2]; ^[3]; Meili, Naika ^[4]; ^[5]

Department of Civil &, Environmental Engineering Imperial College London UK
Yale School of the Environment Yale University USA
Department of Civil &, Environmental Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore
Future Cities Laboratory Singapore‐ETH Centre Singapore, Institute of Environmental Engineering ETH Zurich Switzerland
Department of Civil, Environmental &, Geomatic Engineering University College London UK

Abstract

Higher temperatures in urban areas expose a large fraction of the human population to potentially dangerous heat stress. Green spaces are promoted worldwide as local and city‐scale cooling strategies but the amount, type, and functioning of vegetation in cities lack quantification and their interaction with urban climate in different settings remains a matter of debate. Here we use state‐of‐the‐art remote sensing data from 145 city clusters to disentangle the drivers of surface urban heat islands (SUHI) intensity and quantify urban‐rural differences in vegetation cover, species composition, and evaporative cooling. We show that nighttime SUHIs are affected mostly by abiotic factors, while daytime SUHIs are highly correlated with vegetation characteristics and the wetness of the background climate. Magnitude and seasonality of daytime SUHIs are controlled by urban‐rural differences in plant transpiration and leaf area, which explain the dependence of SUHIs on wetness conditions. Leaf area differences are caused primarily by changes in vegetation type and a loss of in‐city forested areas, highlighting the importance of maintaining “natural reserves” as a sustainable heat mitigation policy.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1781273

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1781481

Journal Information:: AGU Advances, Journal Name: AGU Advances Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 2; ISSN 2576-604X

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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