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Observation of Fundamental Mechanisms in Compression-Induced Phase Transformations Using Ultrafast X-ray Diffraction

Journal Article · · JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
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  1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Edinburgh, Scotland (United Kingdom)
  3. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  4. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  5. Carnegie Inst. of Science, Washington, DC (United States). Earth and Planets Lab.
  6. Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Center for Advanced Radiation Sources (CARS)
  7. Univ. of Cologne (Germany)
+ Show Author Affiliations

As theoretically hypothesized for several decades in group IV transition metals, we have discovered a dynamically stabilized body-centered cubic (bcc) intermediate state in Zr under uniaxial loading at sub-nanosecond timescales. Under ultrafast shock wave compression, rather than the transformation from α-Zr to the more disordered hex-3 equilibrium ω-Zr phase, in its place we find the formation of a previously unobserved nonequilibrium bcc metastable intermediate. We probe the compression-induced phase transition pathway in zirconium using time-resolved sub-picosecond x-ray diffraction analysis at the Linac Coherent Light Source. We also present molecular dynamics simulations using a potential derived from first-principles methods which independently predict this intermediate phase under ultrafast shock conditions. In contrast with experiments on longer timescale (> 10 ns) where the phase diagram alone is an adequate predictor of the crystalline structure of a material, our recent study highlights the importance of metastability and time dependence in the kinetics of phase transformations.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); Army Research Office; Carnegie Institution of Washington; National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515; AC52-07NA27344; FG02-94ER14466
OSTI ID:
1778842
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1815035
OSTI ID: 1784692
Journal Information:
JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Journal Name: JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 73; ISSN 1047-4838
Publisher:
SpringerCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE