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Long-term cyclability of Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 cells using carbonate-based electrolytes for behind-the-meter storage applications

Journal Article · · Energy Storage Materials
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  1. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  2. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
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Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 (LTO/LMO) chemistry was evaluated as a potential candidate for behind-the-meter storage (BTMS) applications. Its long-term cycle performance at 45 °C was tested using ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) solvent electrolytes. Over 1000 cycles, LTO/LMO cells exhibited ~80% capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency higher than 99.96%. Electrochemical test results showed the major degradation mode of LTO/LMO cells arises from continuous electrolyte decomposition at the LTO anode and loss of Li inventory. EC and PC electrolytes created distinct surface layers, where the EC reduction products were more effective in passivating the LTO electrode surface. Dissolution and migration of Mn from the cathode was probed as Mn2+ species distributed throughout the surface layer at the anode. By utilizing a prelithiated LTO electrode, the LTO/LMO cell performance was significantly enhanced with EC electrolyte. On the other hand, PC electrolyte resulted in accelerated electrolyte decomposition at the lithiated LTO surface due to the lack of surface passivation. Thus, mitigating parasitic reactions at the LTO electrode is the key to developing successful LTO/LMO cells.
Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357; AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
1778202
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1819437
OSTI ID: 1777066
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA--5K00-79149; MainId:33375; UUID:0619f8c9-8e6d-4542-b3ae-60c5d12d987b; MainAdminID:21265
Journal Information:
Energy Storage Materials, Journal Name: Energy Storage Materials Vol. 38; ISSN 2405-8297
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
Li4Ti5O12
LiMn2O4
behind-the-meter storage
ethylene carbonate
lithium-ion battery
propylene carbonate