Electrochemical-assisted leaching of active materials from lithium ion batteries

Diaz, Luis A.; Strauss, Mark L.; Adhikari, Birendra; Klaehn, John R.; McNally, Joshua S.; Lister, Tedd E.

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104900

Electrochemical-assisted leaching of active materials from lithium ion batteries

Journal Article · Sun May 24 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Resources, Conservation and Recycling

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104900· OSTI ID:1778172

^[1]; Strauss, Mark L. ^[1]; Adhikari, Birendra ^[1]; Klaehn, John R. ^[1]; McNally, Joshua S. ^[1]; ^[1]

Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

The development of a circular economy for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) is essential to realize decarbonization and an electrified energy market. However, the current commercial operations that recover valuable constituents from LIBs require significant energy and reagents, which create toxic emissions and additional waste. We report an electrochemical-based method for leaching valuable metals from the active materials of mixed shredded LIBs. In this process, the use electrons, as green reagent, allows the use and regeneration of Fe²⁺ in low concentrations as substitute for hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent. Leaching in a membrane separated two-compartment electrochemical cell contributes to decrease the acid requirements as H+ can be generated electrochemically. With this design, leaching efficiencies over 96% for the active metals (Li, Co, Mn, and Ni) were demonstrated at pulp densities up to 240 g/L. Copper present in the active material is electrowon and recovered separately. Preliminary cost analyses demonstrate ca. 80% reduction in energy and chemical costs as compared to traditional hydrometallurgical routes.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC07-05ID14517

OSTI ID:: 1778172

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1630664

Report Number(s):: INL/JOU--19-57007-Rev000

Journal Information:: Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Journal Name: Resources, Conservation and Recycling Vol. 161; ISSN 0921-3449

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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