skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Nutrient Exposure Alters Microbial Composition, Structure, and Mercury Methylating Activity in Periphyton in a Contaminated Watershed

Journal Article · · Frontiers in Microbiology

The conversion of mercury (Hg) to monomethylmercury (MMHg) is a critical area of concern in global Hg cycling. Periphyton biofilms may harbor significant amounts of MMHg but little is known about the Hg-methylating potential of the periphyton microbiome. Therefore, we used high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, ITS2 region, and Hg methylation gene pair (hgcAB) to characterize the archaea/bacteria, fungi, and Hg-methylating microorganisms in periphyton communities grown in a contaminated watershed in East Tennessee (United States). Furthermore, we examined how nutrient amendments (nitrate and/or phosphate) altered periphyton community structure and function. We found that bacterial/archaeal richness in experimental conditions decreased in summer and increased in autumn relative to control treatments, while fungal diversity generally increased in summer and decreased in autumn relative to control treatments. Interestingly, the Hg-methylating communities were dominated by Proteobacteria followed by Candidatus Atribacteria across both seasons. Surprisingly, Hg methylation potential correlated with numerous bacterial families that do not contain hgcAB, suggesting that the overall microbiome structure of periphyton communities influences rates of Hg transformation within these microbial mats. To further explore these complex community interactions, we performed a microbial network analysis and found that the nitrate-amended treatment resulted in the highest number of hub taxa that also corresponded with enhanced Hg methylation potential. This work provides insight into community interactions within the periphyton microbiome that may contribute to Hg cycling and will inform future research that will focus on establishing mixed microbial consortia to uncover mechanisms driving shifts in Hg cycling within periphyton habitats.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725; AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
1777727
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1787306
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-158901
Journal Information:
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 12, Issue 12; ISSN 1664-302X
Publisher:
Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (72)

Periphyton–water quality relationships in fertilized fishponds with artificial substrates journal December 2003
Methanogens: Principal Methylators of Mercury in Lake Periphyton journal September 2011
Development and Validation of Broad-Range Qualitative and Clade-Specific Quantitative Molecular Probes for Assessing Mercury Methylation in the Environment journal July 2016
Importance of sulfate reducing bacteria in mercury methylation and demethylation in periphyton from Bolivian Amazon region journal February 2011
Scoring Species for Synthetic Community Design: Network Analyses of Functional Core Microbiomes journal June 2020
Ecosystem Controls on Methylmercury Production by Periphyton Biofilms in a Contaminated Stream: Implications for Predictive Modeling journal September 2019
Copper accumulation and toxicity in fluvial periphyton: The influence of exposure history journal February 2009
Association of a Specific Algal Group with Methylmercury Accumulation in Periphyton of a Tropical High-Altitude Andean Lake journal November 2016
Impacts of phosphorus concentration and light intensity on river periphyton biomass and community structure journal February 2017
Network hubs in root-associated fungal metacommunities journal June 2018
Velocity and Sediment Disturbance of Periphyton in Headwater Streams: Biomass and Metabolism journal June 1999
Mercury Methylation by Novel Microorganisms from New Environments journal September 2013
Mercury cycling in freshwater systems - An updated conceptual model journal November 2020
Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data journal April 2014
Seasonal variation in nutrient limitation of microbial biofilms colonizing organic and inorganic substrata in streams journal May 2010
Interactions between atrazine and phosphorus in aquatic systems: Effects on phytoplankton and periphyton journal January 2013
A novel method to assess effects of chemical stressors on natural biofilm structure and function journal December 2015
Periphytic algae colonization driven by variable environmental components in a temperate floodplain lake journal January 2013
Diurnal Cycle of Oxygen and Sulfide Microgradients and Microbial Photosynthesis in a Cyanobacterial Mat Sediment journal January 1979
Seasonal variations in response of periphytic algal community to nutrient enrichment in the river Ganga (Varanasi, India) journal January 2018
Proposing a resolution to debates on diversity partitioning journal September 2012
Expanded Phylogenetic Diversity and Metabolic Flexibility of Mercury-Methylating Microorganisms journal August 2020
Seasonal changes in peryphytic microbial metabolism determining mercury methylation in a tropical wetland journal June 2018
Establishing nutrient criteria in streams journal March 2000
Erythrolic acids A–E, Meroterpenoids from a Marine-Derived Erythrobacter sp. journal March 2012
Short-term Effects of Elevated Velocity and Sediment Abrasion on Benthic Algal Communities journal May 2006
The Genetic Basis for Bacterial Mercury Methylation journal February 2013
Global prevalence and distribution of genes and microorganisms involved in mercury methylation journal October 2015
Biotic formation of methylmercury: A bio–physico–chemical conundrum journal November 2019
Kinetics of Methylmercury Production Revisited journal January 2018
Nutrient and light limitation of periphyton in the River Thames: Implications for catchment management journal September 2012
History of mercury use and environmental contamination at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant journal January 2011
Cyanobacteria as regulators of methylmercury production in periphyton journal June 2019
Syntrophic pathways for microbial mercury methylation journal March 2018
Artifact formation of methyl mercury during aqueous distillation and alternative techniques for the extraction of methyl mercury from environmental samples journal June 1997
Sediment Microbial Community Composition and Methylmercury Pollution at Four Mercury Mine?Impacted Sites journal December 2003
Mercury methylation in periphyton of the Florida Everglades journal October 1999
VSEARCH: a versatile open source tool for metagenomics journal January 2016
The potential of Cycloclasticus and Altererythrobacter strains for use in bioremediation of petroleum-aromatic-contaminated tropical marine environments journal July 2010
Contribution of Aerobic Photoheterotrophic Bacteria to the Carbon Cycle in the Ocean journal June 2001
Global mapping of freshwater nutrient enrichment and periphyton growth potential journal February 2020
Periphyton Biofilms Influence Net Methylmercury Production in an Industrially Contaminated System journal September 2016
Reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2 journal July 2019
Effects of Cr III and Pb on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of Cd in tropical periphyton communities: Implications of pulsed metal exposures journal April 2012
Molecular Characterization of Mercury Binding Ligands Released by Freshwater Algae Grown at Three Photoperiods journal January 2019
Evidence for Regulation of Monomethyl Mercury by Nitrate in a Seasonally Stratified, Eutrophic Lake journal September 2009
Diverse Communities of hgcAB + Microorganisms Methylate Mercury in Freshwater Sediments Subjected to Experimental Sulfate Loading journal November 2020
Carbon Amendments Alter Microbial Community Structure and Net Mercury Methylation Potential in Sediments journal November 2017
Shifts in mercury methylation across a peatland chronosequence: From sulfate reduction to methanogenesis and syntrophy journal April 2020
DADA2: High-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data journal May 2016
The Populus holobiont: dissecting the effects of plant niches and genotype on the microbiome journal February 2018
Cadmium speciation and accumulation in periphyton in a small stream with dynamic concentration variations journal March 2010
Influence of experimental, environmental, and geographic factors on nutrient-diffusing substrate experiments in running waters journal August 2017
Communal metabolism by Methylococcaceae and Methylophilaceae is driving rapid aerobic methane oxidation in sediments of a shallow seep near Elba, Italy journal July 2019
Seasonal Changes in Chlorophyll a Response to Nutrient Amendments in a North Shore Tributary of Lake Superior journal June 1996
High-yield synthesis of milligram amounts of isotopically enriched methylmercury(CH3198HgCl) journal January 2004
Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria Methylate Mercury at Variable Rates in Pure Culture and in Marine Sediments journal June 2000
Microbial Hub Taxa Link Host and Abiotic Factors to Plant Microbiome Variation journal January 2016
Confounding factors in algal phosphorus limitation experiments journal October 2018
Periphyton as an important source of methylmercury in Everglades water and food web journal May 2021
Microelectrode studies of the photosynthesis and O 2 , H 2 S, and pH profiles of a microbial mat1: O 2 , H 2 S, and pH in microbial mat journal November 1983
Paludibacter propionicigenes gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel strictly anaerobic, Gram-negative, propionate-producing bacterium isolated from plant residue in irrigated rice-field soil in Japan journal January 2006
Isolation of a member of the candidate phylum ‘Atribacteria’ reveals a unique cell membrane structure journal December 2020
A Hidden Pitfall in the Preparation of Agar Media Undermines Microorganism Cultivability journal October 2014
Diversity and Evenness: A Unifying Notation and Its Consequences journal March 1973
Abundance of kinless hubs within soil microbial networks are associated with high functional potential in agricultural ecosystems journal September 2020
Mechanisms of removing pollutants from aqueous solutions by microorganisms and their aggregates: A review journal March 2012
Mercury Methylation Genes Identified across Diverse Anaerobic Microbial Guilds in a Eutrophic Sulfate-Enriched Lake journal November 2020
Interpretation of Shotgun Proteomic Data: The Protein Inference Problem journal July 2005
Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacterial Mercury Uptake is Driven by Algal Organic Matter Composition and Molecular Weight journal November 2018
Algal and cyanobacterial secondary metabolites in freshwaters: a comparison of allelopathic compounds and toxins journal February 2007
Isolation and characterization of Erythrobacter sp. strains from the upper ocean journal September 2003