Nematicity and competing orders in superconducting magic-angle graphene

Cao, Yuan; Rodan-Legrain, Daniel; Park, Jeong Min; Yuan, Noah F. Q.; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Fernandes, Rafael M.; Fu, Liang; Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo

doi:10.1126/science.abc2836

Title: Nematicity and competing orders in superconducting magic-angle graphene

Journal Article · Thu Apr 15 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc2836· OSTI ID:1777669

^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4];

^[1];

^[1]

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Strongly interacting electrons in solid-state systems often display multiple broken symmetries in the ground state. The interplay between different order parameters can give rise to a rich phase diagram. We report on the identification of intertwined phases with broken rotational symmetry in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG). Using transverse resistance measurements, we find a strongly anisotropic phase located in a “wedge” above the underdoped region of the superconducting dome. Upon its crossing with the superconducting dome, a reduction of the critical temperature is observed. Furthermore, the superconducting state exhibits an anisotropic response to a direction-dependent in-plane magnetic field, revealing nematic ordering across the entire superconducting dome. These results indicate that nematic fluctuations might play an important role in the low-temperature phases of magic-angle TBG.

View Journal Article

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; National Science Foundation (NSF); US Army Research Office (ARO); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); Fundación Bancaria ‘la Caixa’

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001819; SC0020045; SC0018945; DE‐SC0019300; SC0019300; DMR-1231319; DMR-1809802; DMR-0819762; ECS-0335765; W911NF-17-S-0001; GBMF9643; JPMXP0112101001; JP20H00354; JPMJCR15F3; LCF/BQ/AN15/10380011

OSTI ID:: 1777669

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1835815

Journal Information:: Science, Journal Name: Science Vol. 372 Journal Issue: 6539; ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (58)

The Remarkable Underlying Ground States of Cuprate Superconductors Proust, Cyril; Taillefer, Louis Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031218-013210	journal	March 2019
Nematicity as a Probe of Superconducting Pairing in Iron-Based Superconductors Fernandes, Rafael M.; Millis, Andrew J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.127001	journal	September 2013
Spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetry in copper oxide superconductors Wu, J.; Bollinger, A. T.; He, X. Nature, Vol. 547, Issue 7664 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23290	journal	July 2017
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices Cao, Yuan; Fatemi, Valla; Fang, Shiang Nature, Vol. 556, Issue 7699 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature26160	journal	March 2018
Tunable moiré bands and strong correlations in small-twist-angle bilayer graphene Kim, Kyounghwan; DaSilva, Ashley; Huang, Shengqiang Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1620140114	journal	March 2017
Thermodynamic evidence for a nematic phase transition at the onset of the pseudogap in YBa2Cu3Oy Sato, Y.; Kasahara, S.; Murayama, H. Nature Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4205	journal	July 2017
Mapping the twist-angle disorder and Landau levels in magic-angle graphene Uri, A.; Grover, S.; Cao, Y. Nature, Vol. 581, Issue 7806 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2255-3	journal	May 2020
Splitting of Van Hove singularities in slightly twisted bilayer graphene Li, Si-Yu; Liu, Ke-Qin; Yin, Long-Jing Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.155416	journal	October 2017
Rotational symmetry breaking in the topological superconductor SrxBi2Se3 probed by upper-critical field experiments Pan, Y.; Nikitin, A. M.; Araizi, G. K. Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28632	journal	June 2016
Valley magnetism, nematicity, and density wave orders in twisted bilayer graphene Chichinadze, Dmitry V.; Classen, Laura; Chubukov, Andrey V. Physical Review B, Vol. 102, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.125120	journal	September 2020
Maximized electron interactions at the magic angle in twisted bilayer graphene Kerelsky, Alexander; McGilly, Leo J.; Kennes, Dante M. Nature, Vol. 572, Issue 7767 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1431-9	journal	July 2019
Phenomenological theory of unconventional superconductivity Sigrist, Manfred; Ueda, Kazuo Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 63, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.63.239	journal	April 1991
Divergent Nematic Susceptibility in an Iron Arsenide Superconductor Chu, J. -H.; Kuo, H. -H.; Analytis, J. G. Science, Vol. 337, Issue 6095 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1221713	journal	August 2012
Identification of nematic superconductivity from the upper critical field Venderbos, Jörn W. F.; Kozii, Vladyslav; Fu, Liang Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.094522	journal	September 2016
van der Waals Heterostructures with High Accuracy Rotational Alignment Kim, Kyounghwan; Yankowitz, Matthew; Fallahazad, Babak Nano Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05263	journal	February 2016
Colloquium: Order and quantum phase transitions in the cuprate superconductors Sachdev, Subir Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 75, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.75.913	journal	July 2003
Quasiparticle mass enhancement approaching optimal doping in a high-Tc superconductor Ramshaw, B. J.; Sebastian, S. E.; McDonald, R. D. Science, Vol. 348, Issue 6232 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa4990	journal	March 2015
Potts models in random fields Blankschtein, Daniel; Shapir, Yonathan; Aharony, Amnon Physical Review B, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.29.1263	journal	February 1984
Electronic Liquid Crystal State in the High-Temperature Superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.45 Hinkov, V.; Haug, D.; Fauque, B. Science, Vol. 319, Issue 5863 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1152309	journal	January 2008
Nematicity with a twist: Rotational symmetry breaking in a moiré superlattice Fernandes, Rafael M.; Venderbos, Jörn W. F. Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba8834	journal	August 2020
Nematic Fermi Fluids in Condensed Matter Physics Fradkin, Eduardo; Kivelson, Steven A.; Lawler, Michael J. Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-070909-103925	journal	August 2010
Direct observation of competition between superconductivity and charge density wave order in YBa2Cu3O6.67 Chang, J.; Blackburn, E.; Holmes, A. T. Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2456	journal	October 2012
Nematic topological superconducting phase in Nb-doped Bi2Se3 Shen, Junying; He, Wen-Yu; Yuan, Noah Fan Qi npj Quantum Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-017-0064-1	journal	October 2017
Spin-rotation symmetry breaking in the superconducting state of CuxBi2Se3 Matano, K.; Kriener, M.; Segawa, K. Nature Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3781	journal	May 2016
Nematic Electronic Structure in the “Parent” State of the Iron-Based Superconductor Ca(Fe _1– _x Co _x ) ₂ As ₂ Chuang, T. -M.; Allan, M. P.; Lee, Jinho Science, Vol. 327, Issue 5962 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1181083	journal	January 2010
Nematic topological semimetal and insulator in magic-angle bilayer graphene at charge neutrality Liu, Shang; Khalaf, Eslam; Lee, Jong Yeon Physical Review Research, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.013033	journal	January 2021
Magnetic field–induced pair density wave state in the cuprate vortex halo Edkins, S. D.; Kostin, A.; Fujita, K. Science, Vol. 364, Issue 6444 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat1773	journal	June 2019
Determination of the resistivity anisotropy of orthorhombic materials via transverse resistivity measurements Walmsley, P.; Fisher, I. R. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 88, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4978908	journal	April 2017
Colloquium : Theory of intertwined orders in high temperature superconductors Fradkin, Eduardo; Kivelson, Steven A.; Tranquada, John M. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 87, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.87.457	journal	May 2015
Nematic superconducting state in iron pnictide superconductors Li, Jun; Pereira, Paulo J.; Yuan, Jie Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02016-y	journal	December 2017
Vestigial nematic order and superconductivity in the doped topological insulator Cu x Bi2Se3 Hecker, Matthias; Schmalian, Jörg npj Quantum Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-018-0098-z	journal	May 2018
From quantum matter to high-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides Keimer, B.; Kivelson, S. A.; Norman, M. R. Nature, Vol. 518, Issue 7538 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14165	journal	February 2015
Flat bands in slightly twisted bilayer graphene: Tight-binding calculations Suárez Morell, E.; Correa, J. D.; Vargas, P. Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.121407	journal	September 2010
More Is Different Anderson, P. W. Science, Vol. 177, Issue 4047 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.177.4047.393	journal	August 1972
Rotational Symmetry Breaking in a Trigonal Superconductor Nb-doped ${Bi}_{2} {Se}_{3}$ Asaba, Tomoya; Lawson, B. J.; Tinsman, Colin Physical Review X, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.7.011009	journal	January 2017
Quenched disorder and vestigial nematicity in the pseudogap regime of the cuprates Nie, L.; Tarjus, G.; Kivelson, S. A. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406019111	journal	May 2014
Phases of a phenomenological model of twisted bilayer graphene Dodaro, J. F.; Kivelson, S. A.; Schattner, Y. Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.075154	journal	August 2018
Moire bands in twisted double-layer graphene Bistritzer, R.; MacDonald, A. H. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1108174108	journal	July 2011
Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices Cao, Yuan; Fatemi, Valla; Demir, Ahmet Nature, Vol. 556, Issue 7699 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature26154	journal	March 2018
Unconventional Superconductivity and Density Waves in Twisted Bilayer Graphene Isobe, Hiroki; Yuan, Noah F. Q.; Fu, Liang Physical Review X, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.8.041041	journal	December 2018
One-Dimensional Electrical Contact to a Two-Dimensional Material Wang, L.; Meric, I.; Huang, P. Y. Science, Vol. 342, Issue 6158 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244358	journal	October 2013
Band structure of twisted bilayer graphene: Emergent symmetries, commensurate approximants, and Wannier obstructions Zou, Liujun; Po, Hoi Chun; Vishwanath, Ashvin Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.085435	journal	August 2018
Intertwined Vestigial Order in Quantum Materials: Nematicity and Beyond Fernandes, Rafael M.; Orth, Peter P.; Schmalian, Jörg Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031218-013200	journal	March 2019
Independent superconductors and correlated insulators in twisted bilayer graphene Saito, Yu; Ge, Jingyuan; Watanabe, Kenji Nature Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0928-3	journal	June 2020
Tuning superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene Yankowitz, Matthew; Chen, Shaowen; Polshyn, Hryhoriy Science, Vol. 363, Issue 6431 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav1910	journal	January 2019
What drives nematic order in iron-based superconductors? Fernandes, R. M.; Chubukov, A. V.; Schmalian, J. Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2877	journal	January 2014
Observation of a nematic quantum Hall liquid on the surface of bismuth Feldman, Benjamin E.; Randeria, Mallika T.; Gyenis, András Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6310 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aag1715	journal	October 2016
Superlattice-Induced Insulating States and Valley-Protected Orbits in Twisted Bilayer Graphene Cao, Y.; Luo, J. Y.; Fatemi, V. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.116804	journal	September 2016
Strong Coupling Phases of Partially Filled Twisted Bilayer Graphene Narrow Bands Kang, Jian; Vafek, Oskar Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.246401	journal	June 2019
Maximally Localized Wannier Orbitals and the Extended Hubbard Model for Twisted Bilayer Graphene Koshino, Mikito; Yuan, Noah F. Q.; Koretsune, Takashi Physical Review X, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.8.031087	journal	September 2018
Superconducting and normal-state anisotropy of the doped topological insulator Sr0.1Bi2Se3 Smylie, M. P.; Willa, K.; Claus, H. Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26032-0	journal	May 2018
Continuum model of the twisted graphene bilayer Lopes dos Santos, J. M. B.; Peres, N. M. R.; Castro Neto, A. H. Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.155449	journal	October 2012
Charge order and broken rotational symmetry in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene Jiang, Yuhang; Lai, Xinyuan; Watanabe, Kenji Nature, Vol. 573, Issue 7772 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1460-4	journal	July 2019
Visualization of electron nematicity and unidirectional antiferroic fluctuations at high temperatures in NaFeAs Rosenthal, E. P.; Andrade, E. F.; Arguello, C. J. Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2870	journal	February 2014
Observation of Van Hove singularities in twisted graphene layers Li, Guohong; Luican, A.; Lopes dos Santos, J. M. B. Nature Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1463	journal	November 2009
Structural distortion behind the nematic superconductivity in Sr _x Bi ₂ Se ₃ Kuntsevich, A. Yu; Bryzgalov, M. A.; Prudkoglyad, V. A. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aae595	journal	October 2018
Single-Layer Behavior and Its Breakdown in Twisted Graphene Layers Luican, A.; Li, Guohong; Reina, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.126802	journal	March 2011
Superconductors, orbital magnets and correlated states in magic-angle bilayer graphene Lu, Xiaobo; Stepanov, Petr; Yang, Wei Nature, Vol. 574, Issue 7780 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1695-0	journal	October 2019

Similar Records

Fractional Chern insulators in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene

Journal Article · Wed Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Nature (London) · OSTI ID:1777669

Xie, Yonglong; Pierce, Andrew T.; Park, Jeong Min; +12 more

Unconventional ferroelectricity in moiré heterostructures

Journal Article · Mon Nov 23 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Nature (London) · OSTI ID:1777669

Zheng, Zhiren; Ma, Qiong; Bi, Zhen; +14 more

Thermodynamics of free and bound magnons in graphene

Journal Article · Mon Dec 13 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Nature Physics · OSTI ID:1777669

Pierce, Andrew T.; Xie, Yonglong; Lee, Seung Hwan; +6 more

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Title: Nematicity and competing orders in superconducting magic-angle graphene

Citation Formats

References (58)

Similar Records

Related Subjects