Implications for First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions from the Third LIGO-Virgo Observing Run

Romero, Alba; Martinovic, Katarina; Callister, Thomas A.; Guo, Huai-Ke; Martínez, Mario; Sakellariadou, Mairi; Yang, Feng-Wei; Zhao, Yue

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.151301

Title: Implications for First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions from the Third LIGO-Virgo Observing Run

Journal Article · Fri Apr 16 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.151301· OSTI ID:1777661

;

; Callister, Thomas A.; Guo, Huai-Ke;

;

; Zhao, Yue

We place constraints on the normalized energy density in gravitational waves from first-order strong phase transitions using data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo’s first, second, and third observing runs. First, adopting a broken power law model, we place 95% confidence level upper limits simultaneously on the gravitational-wave energy density at 25 Hz from unresolved compact binary mergers, Ω_CBC < 6.1 × 10^–9, and strong first-order phase transitions, Ω_BPL < 4.4 × 10^–9. The inclusion of the former is necessary since we expect this astrophysical signal to be the foreground of any detected spectrum. We then consider two more complex phenomenological models, limiting at 25 Hz the gravitational-wave background due to bubble collisions to Ω_pt < 5.0 × 10^–9 and the background due to sound waves to Ω_pt < 5.8 × 10^–9 at 95% confidence level for phase transitions occurring at temperatures above 10⁸ GeV.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States); Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation of Spain (MINECO); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) (United Kingdom)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0009956; SC0009959; PHY-0757058; PHY-0823459; SEV-2016- 0588; PGC2018-101858-B-I00; ST/P000258/1

OSTI ID:: 1777661

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1851229

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Vol. 126 Journal Issue: 15; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Implications for First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions from the Third LIGO-Virgo Observing Run

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