Plutonium Redox Transformation in the Presence of Iron, Organic Matter, and Hydroxyl Radicals: Kinetics and Mechanistic Insights

Pan, Chao; Jiao, Yongqin; Kersting, Annie B.; Zavarin, Mavrik

doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c08195

Title: Plutonium Redox Transformation in the Presence of Iron, Organic Matter, and Hydroxyl Radicals: Kinetics and Mechanistic Insights

Journal Article · Wed Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Environmental Science and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c08195· OSTI ID:1777328

^[1];

^[2]; Kersting, Annie B. ^[1];

^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Glenn T. Seaborg Inst.
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States).

Plutonium (Pu) redox and complexation processes in the presence of natural organic matter and associated iron can impact the fate and transport of Pu in the environment. In this work, we studied the fate of Pu(IV) in the presence of humic acid (HA) and Fe(II) upon reaction with H₂O₂ that may be generated by photochemical and other reactions. A portion of Pu(IV) was oxidized to Pu(V/VI), which is primarily ascribed to the generation of reactive intermediates from the oxidation of Fe(II) and Fe(II)–HA complexes by H₂O₂. The kinetics of Pu(IV) oxidation is pH-dependent and can be described by a model that incorporates Pu redox kinetics with published HA-modified Fenton reaction kinetics. At pH 3.5, the presence of HA slowed Pu(IV) oxidation, while at pH 6, HA accelerated Pu(IV) oxidation in the first several hours followed by a reverse process where the oxidized Pu(V/VI) was reduced back to Pu(IV). Analysis of Pu-associated particle size suggests that Pu oxidation state is a major driver in its complexation with HA and formation of colloids and heteroaggregates. Our results revealed the H₂O₂-driven oxidation of Pu(IV)–HA–Fe(II) colloids with implications to the transient mobilization of Pu(V/VI) in organic-rich redox transition zones.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1777328

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-808740; 1014280

Journal Information:: Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 55, Issue 3; ISSN 0013-936X

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (80)

Functional groups and reactivity of size-fractionated Aldrich humic acid Tanaka, Tadao Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 532 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.12.004	journal	March 2012
Iron-Catalyzed Oxidation of Arsenic(III) by Oxygen and by Hydrogen Peroxide: pH-Dependent Formation of Oxidants in the Fenton Reaction Hug, Stephan J.; Leupin, Olivier Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 37, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/es026208x	journal	June 2003
Oxidation of chlorophenols in soil at natural pH by catalyzed hydrogen peroxide: the effect of soil organic matter Kuei-Jyum Yeh, Carol; Kao, Yu-Ann; Cheng, Chung-Pin Chemosphere, Vol. 46, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00110-2	journal	January 2002
Influence of humic acid on plutonium sorption to gibbsite: Determination of Pu-humic acid complexation constants and ternary sorption studies Zimmerman, Trevor; Zavarin, Mavrik; Powell, Brian A. Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 102, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1515/ract-2014-2163	journal	January 2014
Reduction of Plutonium(VI) to (V) by Hydroxamate Compounds at Environmentally Relevant pH Morrison, Keith D.; Jiao, Yongqin; Kersting, Annie B. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 52, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00164	journal	April 2018
Kinetics of [Fe ^II (edta)] Oxidation by Molecular Oxygen Revisited. New Evidence for a Multistep Mechanism Seibig, Sabine; van Eldik, Rudi Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic970158t	journal	August 1997
Inhibitory Effect of Soil Organic Matter on the Crystallization of Amorphous Ferric Hydroxide Schwertmann, U. Nature, Vol. 212, Issue 5062 https://doi.org/10.1038/212645b0	journal	November 1966
The redox behaviour of plutonium in humic rich groundwater Marquardt, Christian M.; Seibert, A.; Artinger, Robert Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 92, Issue 9-11 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.92.9.617.55007	journal	January 2004
Modeling the oxidation kinetics of Fenton's process on the degradation of humic acid Wu, Yanyu; Zhou, Shaoqi; Qin, Fanghui Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 179, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.03.036	journal	July 2010
Iron traps terrestrially derived dissolved organic matter at redox interfaces Riedel, T.; Zak, D.; Biester, H. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221487110	journal	June 2013
Humic acid modified Fenton reagent for enhancement of the working pH range Georgi, A.; Schierz, A.; Trommler, U. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Vol. 72, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2006.10.009	journal	March 2007
Humic Substances in Soil, Sediment, and Water. 1985 Aiken, G. R.; McKnight, D. M.; Wershaw, R. L. Soil Science, Vol. 142, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-198611000-00011	journal	January 1986
Plutonium(III,IV,VI) speciation in Gorleben groundwater using XAFS Dardenne, Kathy; Seibert, Alice; Denecke, Melissa A. Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 97, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.2009.1581	journal	January 2009
Nagasaki sediments reveal that long-term fate of plutonium is controlled by select organic matter moieties Lin, Peng; Xu, Chen; Kaplan, Daniel I. Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 678 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.375	journal	August 2019
Generation and decay of hydrogen peroxide in estuarine waters Szymczak, R.; Waite, Td Marine and Freshwater Research, Vol. 39, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1071/mf9880289	journal	January 1988
Kinetics of the Reduction of Pu(V)O2+ by Hydrogen Peroxide Morgenstern, A.; Choppin, G. R. Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 86, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.1999.86.34.109	journal	January 1999
Dark Formation of Hydroxyl Radical in Arctic Soil and Surface Waters Page, Sarah E.; Kling, George W.; Sander, Michael Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1021/es4033265	journal	October 2013
Impact of natural organic matter on H2O2-mediated oxidation of Fe(II) in a simulated freshwater system Miller, Christopher J.; Rose, Andrew L.; Waite, T. David Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.02.027	journal	May 2009
Influence of Peat on Fenton Oxidation Huling, S. Water Research, Vol. 35, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00443-7	journal	May 2001
Plutonium Desorption from Nuclear Melt Glass-Derived Colloids and Implications for Migration at the Nevada National Security Site, USA Joseph, Claudia; Balboni, Enrica; Baumer, Teresa Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 53, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b03956	journal	October 2019
A Kinetic Study of the Reduction of Plutonium with Humic Acid Jianxin, Tan; Yaozhong, Chen; Zhangji, Lin Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 61, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.1993.61.2.73	journal	January 1993
Impact of Natural Organic Matter on Plutonium Vadose Zone Migration from an NH ₄ Pu(V)O ₂ CO ₃ (s) Source Maloubier, Melody; Emerson, Hilary; Peruski, Kathryn Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 54, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b05651	journal	January 2020
Production of Abundant Hydroxyl Radicals from Oxygenation of Subsurface Sediments Tong, Man; Yuan, Songhu; Ma, Sicong Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 50, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04323	journal	December 2015
Colloid Transport of Plutonium in the Far-Field of the Mayak Production Association, Russia Novikov, A. P.; Kalmykov, S. N.; Utsunomiya, S. Science, Vol. 314, Issue 5799 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131307	journal	October 2006
Properties of Fe-Organic Matter Associations via Coprecipitation versus Adsorption Chen, Chunmei; Dynes, James J.; Wang, Jian Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/es503669u	journal	November 2014
Effect of Natural Organic Matter on Plutonium Sorption to Goethite Conroy, Nathan A.; Zavarin, Mavrik; Kersting, Annie B. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03587	journal	December 2016
Humic Substances Extracted by Alkali Are Invalid Proxies for the Dynamics and Functions of Organic Matter in Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems Kleber, Markus; Lehmann, Johannes Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 48, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2019.01.0036	journal	March 2019
A Study of Techniques for Separating Plutonium in Different Oxidation States Kobashi, A.; Choppin, G. R.; Morse, J. W. Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 43, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.1988.43.4.211	journal	January 1988
Geochemical modeling of Fe(II) binding to humic and fulvic acids Catrouillet, Charlotte; Davranche, Mélanie; Dia, Aline Chemical Geology, Vol. 372 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.02.019	journal	April 2014
Critical Review of rate constants for reactions of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH/⋅O ⁻ in Aqueous Solution Buxton, George V.; Greenstock, Clive L.; Helman, W. Phillips Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, Vol. 17, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555805	journal	April 1988
Evidence for the Remobilization of Sellafield Waste Radionuclides in an Intertidal Salt Marsh, West Cumbria, U.K. Morris, K.; Butterworth, J. C.; Livens, F. R. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 51, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2000.0705	journal	November 2000
Iodine and plutonium association with natural organic matter: A review of recent advances Santschi, P. H.; Xu, C.; Zhang, S. Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 85 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.11.009	journal	October 2017
Oxidation of Sulfoxides and Arsenic(III) in Corrosion of Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron by Oxygen: Evidence against Ferryl Ions (Fe(IV)) as Active Intermediates in Fenton Reaction Pang, Su-Yan; Jiang, Jin; Ma, Jun Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 45, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/es102401d	journal	January 2011
Effect of Humic Acid on the Removal of Chromium(VI) and the Production of Solids in Iron Electrocoagulation Pan, Chao; Troyer, Lyndsay D.; Liao, Peng Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b00371	journal	May 2017
Dispersion Stability and Electrokinetic Properties of Intrinsic Plutonium Colloids: Implications for Subsurface Transport Abdel-Fattah, Amr I.; Zhou, Dongxu; Boukhalfa, Hakim Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/es304729d	journal	May 2013
Process Optimization of Fenton Oxidation Using Kinetic Modeling Duesterberg, Christopher K.; Waite, T. David Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 40, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/es060311v	journal	May 2006
Effect of humic acid, oxalate and phosphate on Fenton-like oxidation of microcystin-LR by nanoscale zero-valent iron Wang, FeiFeng; Wu, Yan; Gao, Ying Separation and Purification Technology, Vol. 170 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.06.046	journal	October 2016
Destruction of humic acid in water by UV lightâcatalyzed oxidation with hydrogen peroxide Wang, G. Water Research, Vol. 34, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00120-2	journal	October 2000
Generation of Hydroxyl Radicals from Metal-Loaded Humic Acids Paciolla, Mark D.; Davies, Geoffrey; Jansen, Susan A. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/es980921y	journal	June 1999
Inhibition of Hydroxyl Radical Reaction with Aromatics by Dissolved Natural Organic Matter Lindsey, Michele E.; Tarr, Matthew A. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 34, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/es990457c	journal	February 2000
Plutonium Partitioning Behavior to Humic Acids from Widely Varying Soils Is Related to Carboxyl-Containing Organic Compounds Lin, Peng; Xu, Chen; Zhang, Saijin Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b03409	journal	September 2017
Pu(V)O ₂ ⁺ Adsorption and Reduction by Synthetic Magnetite (Fe ₃ O ₄ ) Powell, Brian A.; Fjeld, Robert A.; Kaplan, Daniel I. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 38, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1021/es049386u	journal	November 2004
Plutonium Oxidation and Subsequent Reduction by Mn(IV) Minerals in Yucca Mountain Tuff Powell, Brian A.; Duff, Martine C.; Kaplan, Daniel I. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 40, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/es052353+	journal	May 2006
Soil organic matter–hydrogen peroxide dynamics in the treatment of contaminated soils and groundwater using catalyzed H2O2 propagations (modified Fenton's reagent) Bissey, L.; Smith, J.; Watts, R. Water Research, Vol. 40, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2006.05.009	journal	July 2006
Solubility and redox reactions of Pu(IV) hydrous oxide: Evidence for the formation of PuO2+x(s, hyd) Neck, Volker; Altmaier, M.; Seibert, A. Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 95, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.2007.95.4.193	journal	January 2007
Formation, Aggregation, and Deposition Dynamics of NOM-Iron Colloids at Anoxic–Oxic Interfaces Liao, Peng; Li, Wenlu; Jiang, Yi Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b02356	journal	October 2017
Effect of Fulvic Acid Surface Coatings on Plutonium Sorption and Desorption Kinetics on Goethite Tinnacher, Ruth M.; Begg, James D.; Mason, Harris Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 49, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/es505120s	journal	February 2015
Effect of humic acids on the Fenton degradation of phenol Vione, Davide; Merlo, Fabrizio; Maurino, Valter Environmental Chemistry Letters, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-004-0086-3	journal	October 2004
Redox behavior, complexing, and adsorption of hexavalent actinides by humic acid and selected clays Nash, Kenneth.; Fried, Sherman.; Friedman, Arnold M. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 15, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/es00089a011	journal	July 1981
Sources of anthropogenic radionuclides in the environment: a review Hu, Qin-Hong; Weng, Jian-Qing; Wang, Jin-Sheng Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Vol. 101, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.08.004	journal	June 2010
Stabilization of Plutonium Nano-Colloids by Epitaxial Distortion on Mineral Surfaces Powell, Brian A.; Dai, Zurong; Zavarin, Mavrik Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 45, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/es1033487	journal	April 2011
Separation of Actinides in Different Oxidation States by Solvent Extraction Bertrand, P. A.; Choppin, G. R. Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 31, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.1982.31.34.135	journal	January 1982
Effect of humic substances on the Fenton treatment of wastewater at acidic and neutral pH Lipczynska-Kochany, Ewa; Kochany, Jan Chemosphere, Vol. 73, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.028	journal	October 2008
Effects of Fulvic Acid on Fe(II) Oxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide Voelker, Bettina M.; Sulzberger, Barbara Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 30, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/es9502132	journal	January 1996
Plutonium Desorption from Mineral Surfaces at Environmental Concentrations of Hydrogen Peroxide Begg, James D.; Zavarin, Mavrik; Kersting, Annie B. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/es500984w	journal	May 2014
Advanced Oxidation Processes for Organic Contaminant Destruction Based on the Fenton Reaction and Related Chemistry Pignatello, Joseph J.; Oliveros, Esther; MacKay, Allison Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/10643380500326564	journal	January 2006
The interaction of a humic acid with heavy metals Spark, K. M.; Wells, J. D.; Johnson, B. B. Soil Research, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1071/s96008	journal	January 1997
Actinide speciation in the environment Choppin, G. R. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Vol. 273, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-007-0933-3	journal	June 2007
The adsorption of plutonium IV and V on goethite Sanchez, Arthur L.; Murray, James W.; Sibley, Thomas H. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 49, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(85)90230-3	journal	November 1985
Pu(V) and Pu(IV) Sorption to Montmorillonite Begg, James D.; Zavarin, Mavrik; Zhao, Pihong Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/es305257s	journal	May 2013
Stabilization of polynuclear plutonium(IV) species by humic acid Marsac, Rémi; Banik, Nidhu Lal; Marquardt, Christian Michael Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 131 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.039	journal	April 2014
Complexation of Neptunium(V) with Humic Acids at Very Low Metal Concentrations Marquardt, C.; Herrmann, G.; Trautmann, N. Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 73, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.1996.73.3.119	journal	January 1996
Formation and Transport of Cr(III)-NOM-Fe Colloids upon Reaction of Cr(VI) with NOM-Fe(II) Colloids at Anoxic–Oxic Interfaces Liao, Peng; Pan, Chao; Ding, Wenyu Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 54, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07934	journal	March 2020
Organic Nature of Colloidal Actinides Transported in Surface Water Environments Santschi, Peter H.; Roberts, Kimberly A.; Guo, Laodong Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 36, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/es0112588	journal	September 2002
Production of hydroxyl radicals from abiotic oxidation of pyrite by oxygen under circumneutral conditions in the presence of low-molecular-weight organic acids Zhang, Peng; Yuan, Songhu Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 218 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.08.032	journal	December 2017
Geochemical association of plutonium in sediments of the Trombay coastal environment Matkar, V. M.; Narayanan, U.; Bhat, I. S. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles, Vol. 156, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02037428	journal	January 1992
Rapid Acceleration of Ferrous Iron/Peroxymonosulfate Oxidation of Organic Pollutants by Promoting Fe(III)/Fe(II) Cycle with Hydroxylamine Zou, Jing; Ma, Jun; Chen, Liwei Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1021/es4019145	journal	September 2013
Probing the Kinetic Parameters of Plutonium–Naturally Occurring Organic Matter Interactions in Freshwaters Using the Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique Cusnir, Ruslan; Jaccard, Maud; Bailat, Claude Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 50, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05435	journal	April 2016
Plutonium Immobilization and Remobilization by Soil Mineral and Organic Matter in the Far-Field of the Savannah River Site, U.S. Xu, Chen; Athon, Matthew; Ho, Yi-Fang Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/es404951y	journal	March 2014
pH-induced mechanistic changeover from hydroxyl radicals to iron(iv) in the Fenton reaction Bataineh, Hajem; Pestovsky, Oleg; Bakac, Andreja Chemical Science, Vol. 3, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2sc20099f	journal	January 2012
Response of Microbial Community Function to Fluctuating Geochemical Conditions within a Legacy Radioactive Waste Trench Environment Vázquez-Campos, Xabier; Kinsela, Andrew S.; Bligh, Mark W. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 83, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00729-17	journal	June 2017
Geochemical Production of Reactive Oxygen Species From Biogeochemically Reduced Fe Murphy, Sarah A.; Solomon, Benson M.; Meng, Shengnan Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/es4051764	journal	March 2014
Hydrogen peroxide concentration in a northern lake: photochemical formation and diel variability Cooper, William J.; Lean, David R. S. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 23, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/es00069a017	journal	November 1989
Heterogeneous Reduction of PuO ₂ with Fe(II): Importance of the Fe(III) Reaction Product Felmy, Andrew R.; Moore, Dean A.; Rosso, Kevin M. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 45, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/es104212g	journal	May 2011
Pu(V) transport through Savannah River Site soils - an evaluation of a conceptual model of surface- mediated reduction to Pu (IV) Powell, Brian A.; Kaplan, Daniel I.; Serkiz, Steven M. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Vol. 131 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.10.009	journal	May 2014
Influence of Oxidation States on Plutonium Mobility during Long-Term Transport through an Unsaturated Subsurface Environment Kaplan, Daniel I.; Powell, Brian A.; Demirkanli, Deniz I. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 38, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/es049406s	journal	October 2004
Fate of Plutonium at a Former Nuclear Testing Site in Australia Ikeda-Ohno, Atsushi; Shahin, Lida Mokhber; Howard, Daryl L. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 50, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01864	journal	August 2016
Reduction of Pu(V) by humic acid André, C.; Choppin, Gregory R. Radiochimica Acta, Vol. 88, Issue 9-11 https://doi.org/10.1524/ract.2000.88.9-11.613	journal	January 2000
Hydroxyl Radical Production by H ₂ O ₂ -Mediated Oxidation of Fe(II) Complexed by Suwannee River Fulvic Acid Under Circumneutral Freshwater Conditions Miller, Christopher J.; Rose, Andrew L.; Waite, T. David Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/es303876h	journal	December 2012
FENTON REACTION IN THE PRESENCE OF HUMATES. TREATMENT OF HIGHLY CONTAMINATED WASTEWATER AT NEUTRAL pH Kochany, J.; Lipczynska-Kochany, E. Environmental Technology, Vol. 28, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1080/09593332808618859	journal	September 2007

Similar Records

Collaborative Research: Natural Organic Matter and Microbial Controls on Mobilization/Immobilization of I and Pu in Soils and Waters Affected by Radionuclide Releases in USA and Japan

Technical Report · Fri Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · OSTI ID:1777328

Santschi, Peter H.; Xu, Chen; Lin, Peng; +2 more

Plutonium Oxidation and Subsequent Reduction by Mn (IV) Minerals

Journal Article · Tue Sep 13 00:00:00 EDT 2005 · OSTI ID:1777328

KAPLAN, DANIEL

Integrative study of the behavior of transuranic elements in the marine environment. Progress report, June 1, 1983-May 31, 1984

Technical Report · Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1984 · OSTI ID:1777328

Choppin, G R; Morse, J W

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
redox reactions
oxides
organic polymers
colloids
oxidation

Title: Plutonium Redox Transformation in the Presence of Iron, Organic Matter, and Hydroxyl Radicals: Kinetics and Mechanistic Insights

Citation Formats

References (80)

Similar Records

Related Subjects