Methane emissions proportional to permafrost carbon thawed in Arctic lakes since the 1950s

Anthony, Katey Walter; Daanen, Ronald; Anthony, Peter; Schneider von Deimling, Thomas; Ping, Chien-Lu; Chanton, Jeffrey P.; Grosse, Guido

doi:10.1038/ngeo2795

Methane emissions proportional to permafrost carbon thawed in Arctic lakes since the 1950s

Journal Article · Mon Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Nature Geoscience

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2795· OSTI ID:1776496

Anthony, Katey Walter ^[1]; Daanen, Ronald ^[2]; Anthony, Peter ^[3]; Schneider von Deimling, Thomas ^[4]; Ping, Chien-Lu ^[3]; Chanton, Jeffrey P. ^[5]; Grosse, Guido ^[6]

Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK (United States); University of Alaska Fairbanks
Alaska Dept. of Natural Resources, Fairbanks, AK (United States)
Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK (United States)
Alfred Wegener Inst. Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam (Germany); Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg (Germany)
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
Alfred Wegener Inst. Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam (Germany)

Permafrost thaw exposes previously frozen soil organic matter to microbial decomposition. This process generates methane and carbon dioxide, and thereby fuels a positive feedback process that leads to further warming and thaw. Despite widespread permafrost degradation during the past ~40 years, the degree to which permafrost thaw may be contributing to a feedback between warming and thaw in recent decades is not well understood. Radiocarbon evidence of modern emissions of ancient permafrost carbon is also sparse. Here we combine radiocarbon dating of lake bubble trace-gas methane (113 measurements) and soil organic carbon (289 measurements) for lakes in Alaska, Canada, Sweden and Siberia with numerical modelling of thaw and remote sensing of thermokarst shore expansion. Methane emissions from thermokarst areas of lakes that have expanded over the past 60 years were directly proportional to the mass of soil carbon inputs to the lakes from the erosion of thawing permafrost. Here, radiocarbon dating indicates that methane age from lakes is nearly identical to the age of permafrost soil carbon thawing around them. Based on this evidence of landscape-scale permafrost carbon feedback, we estimate that 0.2 to 2.5 Pg permafrost carbon was released as methane and carbon dioxide in thermokarst expansion zones of pan-Arctic lakes during the past 60 years.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010580

OSTI ID:: 1776496

Journal Information:: Nature Geoscience, Journal Name: Nature Geoscience Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 9; ISSN 1752-0894

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Deglacial mobilization of pre-aged terrestrial carbon from degrading permafrost Maria, Winterfeld,; Gesine, Mollenhauer,; Wolf, Dummann, ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000291154	text	January 2018
Detectability of Arctic methane sources at six sites performing continuous atmospheric measurements Thonat, Thibaud; Saunois, Marielle; Bousquet, Philippe Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8371-2017	journal	January 2017
Year-round CH ₄ and CO ₂ flux dynamics in two contrasting freshwater ecosystems of the subarctic Jammet, Mathilde; Dengel, Sigrid; Kettner, Ernesto Biogeosciences, Vol. 14, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5189-2017	journal	January 2017
Carbon and nitrogen pools in thermokarst-affected permafrost landscapes in Arctic Siberia Fuchs, Matthias; Grosse, Guido; Strauss, Jens Biogeosciences, Vol. 15, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-953-2018	journal	January 2018
CVPM 1.1: a flexible heat-transfer modeling system for permafrost Clow, Gary D. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4889-2018	journal	January 2018
CVPM 1.1: a flexible heat-transfer modeling system for permafrost Clow, Gary D. Geoscientific Model Development Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2018-121	posted_content	June 2018

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