Itinerant ferromagnetism in van der Waals Fe5–xGeTe2 crystals above room temperature

Zhang, Hongrui; Chen, Rui; Zhai, Kun; Chen, Xiang; Caretta, Lucas; Huang, Xiaoxi; Chopdekar, Rajesh V.; Cao, Jinhua; Sun, Jirong; Yao, Jie; Birgeneau, Robert; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy

doi:10.1103/physrevb.102.064417

Title: Itinerant ferromagnetism in van der Waals ${Fe}_{5 - x} {Ge Te}_{2}$ crystals above room temperature

Journal Article · Wed Aug 19 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.102.064417· OSTI ID:1775404

Zhang, Hongrui ^[1]; Chen, Rui ^[1]; Zhai, Kun ^[2]; Chen, Xiang ^[1];

^[1]; Huang, Xiaoxi ^[1];

^[3]; Cao, Jinhua ^[1];

^[4]; Yao, Jie ^[5]; Birgeneau, Robert ^[1]; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy ^[1]

Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Yanshan University (China)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS) & Materials Sciences Division
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China). Inst. of Physics
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnets have recently attracted increasing attention, as they provide a novel system for exploring 2D magnetism. However, intrinsic ferromagnetism in 2D systems has almost exclusively been observed at low temperatures, limiting their technological relevance. ${Fe}_{N} {Ge Te}_{2}$ ( $N = 3$ , 4, and 5) systems are currently becoming the most attractive 2D vdW materials due to their relatively high Curie temperatures and large saturation magnetization. However, the nature of their complex yet intriguing magnetic behaviors is still unclear, in part due to the multiple inequivalent iron sites and iron vacancies. In this study, we show evolution of magnetic ordering transitions in ${Fe}_{5 - x} {Ge Te}_{2}$ with high Curie temperature and a strong saturation magnetization using photoemission electron microscopy and transport measurements. At 275 K, the ferromagnet transitions to a ferrimagnet, and below 110 K transitions to a state with glassy clusters. These are evidenced from temperature-dependent magnetic stripe domain evolution and anisotropic magnetoresistance measurements. Our findings show a clear magnetic ground state of ${Fe}_{5 - x} {Ge Te}_{2}$ at room temperature which signals that ${Fe}_{5 - x} {Ge Te}_{2}$ system is a very promising candidate for spintronic devices and provides a material design pathway to further increase the Curie temperature and saturation moments in vdW ferromagnets.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1775404

Journal Information:: Physical Review B, Vol. 102, Issue 6; ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Itinerant ferromagnetism in van der Waals Fe 5 – x Ge Te 2 crystals above room temperature

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Title: Itinerant ferromagnetism in van der Waals ${Fe}_{5 - x} {Ge Te}_{2}$ crystals above room temperature