MACH-B - Multipole Accelerator Codes for Hadron Beams DOE Phase I Final Technical Report
Driven by the large-scale simulations for high intensity hadron beam accelerators, specifically those supported through the DOE HEP program, there is growing need for higher-fidelity, faster, and a wider variety of simulation capabilities. In particle accelerator simulations, the space-charge effect from the interactions between charged particles can have significant impact on beam dynamics, including particle loss along the accelerator. At the beam pipe, these effects and losses can be especially pronounced. However, as the facilities for high energy physics grow in size and cost (in building, maintenance, and simulation energy usage), and as the constraints on beam loss increase, it is becoming more important to be able to accurately predict the space-charge effect on beam loss. In the DOE Phase I project, MACH-B (Multipole Accelerator Codes for Hadron Beams), Reservoir Labs focused on developing a highly-scalable Fast Multipole Method (FMM)-based tool for higher fidelity modeling of particle accelerators for high energy physics within the next generation of the Synergia software. n particular, we focused on deploying new particle simulation capabilities and accurately model space charge through HPC software with the following components: Fast Multipole Methods (FMMs): Originally designed for Coulomb interactions, FMM schemes achieve linear scaling. In the class of tree codes, FMMs separate near- and far-field interactions on a hierarchy of spatial scales using octree (3D) data structures. Because they achieve arbitrary precision at modest cost with straightforward error estimates, FMMs are best suited for large problems requiring high degrees of accuracy at scale such as those necessary in particle accelerator simulations Boundary Integral Solvers (BIS) and Boundary Conditions: For smooth/piecewise-smooth boundaries, such as those often seen near particle accelerator pipe walls, boundary integral equation approaches (1) require no need for complex mesh generation for calculating potentials, (2) allow far-field boundary conditions to be satisfied, and (3) result in higher degrees of accuracy. At the beam pipe, a BIS can be specifically designed to couple with MACH-B’s proposed domain-based FMM solver for an embedded boundary solver (EBS). In cases where periodic or mixed boundary conditions may be required, FMMs can be tailored to handle these with minimal complexity. The MACH-B project has developed, incorporated, and enhanced the FMM tools in Phase I. The key objectives achieved include: Full integration of a kernel-independent FMM-based tool within Synergia and benchmarking (accuracy) of FMM for particle-particle interactions and comparisons with existing Particle-In-Cell (PIC) implementation. These tools use a combination of the PVFMM and STKFMM FMM-based solvers. Study of particle tune depression as a function of initial offset and comparison with results from PIC-based Hockney solver in Synergia. Study of the relative accuracies of a Quadrature By Expansion (QBX) / FMM-based boundary integral solver when evaluating potential and gradient solutions to Laplace's equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. For this aspect, we use the Study of a single-bunch, Gaussian-distributed set of charges within a conducting pipe, using an embedded boundary solver, built with the kernel-independent FMM tools and QBX-BIS solvers. Development of BIS pipeline and analysis of BIS approaches on NERSC hardware for a variety of meshes along with parallelization enhancements and studies. Attending and active engagement with domain specialists in the particle accelerator simulation community, in particular through SnowMass regular meetings and regular discussions with Fermilab, LBNL, and JLab scientists and researchers.
- Research Organization:
- Reservoir Labs
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Engineering & Technology. Office of Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Programs
- Contributing Organization:
- Fermilab, LBNL, NYU Courant Institute
- DOE Contract Number:
- SC0020934
- OSTI ID:
- 1775298
- Type / Phase:
- SBIR (Phase I)
- Report Number(s):
- DOE-RESERVOIR-0934-1
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS
Particle accelerators
Fast Multipole Methods
Boundary Integral Solvers
FMM
kernel-independent
fast solvers
Particle in cell
PIC
particle simulations
Synergia
HPC