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Broad and potent neutralizing human antibodies to tick-borne flaviviruses protect mice from disease

Journal Article · · Journal of Experimental Medicine
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20210236· OSTI ID:1775151
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Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an emerging human pathogen that causes potentially fatal disease with no specific treatment. Mouse monoclonal antibodies are protective against TBEV, but little is known about the human antibody response to infection. Here, we report on the human neutralizing antibody response to TBEV in a cohort of infected and vaccinated individuals. Expanded clones of memory B cells expressed closely related anti-envelope domain III (EDIII) antibodies in both groups of volunteers. However, the most potent neutralizing antibodies, with IC50s below 1 ng/ml, were found only in individuals who recovered from natural infection. These antibodies also neutralized other tick-borne flaviviruses, including Langat, louping ill, Omsk hemorrhagic fever, Kyasanur forest disease, and Powassan viruses. Structural analysis revealed a conserved epitope near the lateral ridge of EDIII adjoining the EDI–EDIII hinge region. Prophylactic or early therapeutic antibody administration was effective at low doses in mice that were lethally infected with TBEV.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
OSTI ID:
1775151
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1816733
Journal Information:
Journal of Experimental Medicine, Journal Name: Journal of Experimental Medicine Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 218; ISSN 0022-1007
Publisher:
Rockefeller University PressCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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