The rhizosphere and cropping system, but not arbuscular mycorrhizae, affect ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria abundances in two agricultural soils

Wattenburger, Cassandra; Gutknecht, Jessica; Zhang, Quan; Brutnell, Thomas; Hofmockel, Kirsten S.; Halverson, Larry

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103540

Title: The rhizosphere and cropping system, but not arbuscular mycorrhizae, affect ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria abundances in two agricultural soils

Journal Article · Wed Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Applied Soil Ecology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103540· OSTI ID:1773811

Wattenburger, Cassandra ^[1]; Gutknecht, Jessica ^[2]; Zhang, Quan ^[3]; Brutnell, Thomas ^[4];

^[5]; Halverson, Larry ^[1]

Iowa State University
University of Minnesota
Donald Danforth Plant Sciences Center
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbioses with roots that can enhance plant nutrition. While AMF have been shown to have a role in soil nitrogen (N) cycling, it is unclear whether AMF affect N cycling microbes such as ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA), which convert ammonium into nitrite in the first step of nitrification. In this study, we examined the effects of AMF on AOA and AOB abundances within the corn rhizosphere and bulk soil of conventional (corn-soybean rotation with inorganic fertilizer) and diversified (cornsoybean- oats/alfalfa-oats rotation with composted manure) systems. We hypothesized that AMF would decrease AOA and AOB abundances in a cropping-system dependent manner, possibly due to competition for ammonium. We grew corn deficient or proficient in AMF symbiosis in microcosms for 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment, both soils planted with the AMF-proficient corn genotype had higher ammonium and lower nitrate pool sizes compared to the same soils planted with the AMF-deficient corn genotype. Likewise, total plant N was higher in the AMF-proficient genotype compared to the AMF-deficient genotype. Despite changes in soil inorganic N pool sizes, AOA and AOB abundances were unaffected by plant AMF-proficiency. Instead, AOA abundance was greater in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil regardless of cropping system, and AOB abundance was greater in the conventional than the diversified cropping system soil regardless of proximity to the root. These data indicate that 1) AMF did not affect AOA or AOB abundance in these N-rich soils but other factors such as root proximity and inorganic fertilization did and 2) AOA and AOB have differing ecological niches within rhizosphere and bulk soil that should be considered when managing for nitrogen losses.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1773811

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-153313

Journal Information:: Applied Soil Ecology, Vol. 151

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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