SINGLE CRYSTAL DIAMOND COMPOUND REFRACTIVE LENS
Statement of the problem: Next generation light sources, diffraction-limited storage rings, and high repetition rate free electron lasers will have significantly increased the average brightness of the generated X-ray beams. These machines will require X-ray refractive optics with precise dimensional control and smooth surfaces that are capable of handling large heat loads and preservation of the x-ray beam quality. How the problem is being addressed: In this project we will machine refractive lenses out of single crystal diamonds by femtosecond laser pulses. The key advantage of this approach is in the short duration of the laser pulse. Unlike nanosecond pulses from standard laser cutters, femtosecond pulses only ablate the material and do not lead to thermal fatigue, subsequent crystalline defect formation, and reduction in the quality of X-ray optical properties. With the choice of single crystal diamond for the lens, the scattering on grain boundaries, defects and voids associated with polycrystalline materials currently used will be eliminated and the coherence of the X-rays will be preserved. What was done in Phase I: We fabricated a set of diamond X-ray lenses by fs-laser cutting of various grades of single crystal diamonds. We performed white beam topography to determine which grades of diamond are acceptable for x-ray optics and what damage the fs laser cutting induced on the bulk material. We demonstrated a successful test of lens operation in an x-ray source reimaging configuration at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). We also performed an experiment with a stack of three lenses (compound refractive lens) focusing an undulator source at APS into a ~ 50 x 20 micron spot. These numbers approach commercial beryllium lens performance. Finally, we performed diamond slurry polishing of the lens surface and demonstrated that it can be done successfully.
- Research Organization:
- Euclid Techlabs LLC, Cleveland, OH (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- SC0013129
- OSTI ID:
- 1772237
- Type / Phase:
- SBIR (Phase IIA)
- Report Number(s):
- DOE - Euclid Techlabs - PH2A - 13129; 13129
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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