Lyman continuum leakage from low-mass galaxies with M ⋆&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;108 M⊙

Izotov, Y. I.; Worseck, G.; Schaerer, D.; Guseva, N. G.; Chisholm, J.; Thuan, T. X.; Fricke, K. J.; Verhamme, A.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stab612

Lyman continuum leakage from low-mass galaxies with M ⋆ < 108 M⊙

Journal Article · Wed Mar 03 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab612· OSTI ID:1772150

^[1]; ^[2]; Schaerer, D. ^[3]; Guseva, N. G. ^[1]; ^[4]; Thuan, T. X. ^[5]; Fricke, K. J. ^[6]; Verhamme, A. ^[7]

Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 14-b Metrolohichna str., Kyiv UA-03143, Ukraine
Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 Ch. des Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland, IRAP/CNRS, 14, Av. E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
Astronomy Department, University of Texas at Austin, 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400 Austin, TX 78712-1205, USA
Astronomy Department, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USA
Institut für Astrophysik, Göttingen Universität, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 Ch. des Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

ABSTRACT

We present observations with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope of nine low-mass star-forming galaxies at redshifts, z, in the range 0.3179–0.4524, with stellar masses $$M_\star \, \lt $$ 108 M⊙ and very high specific star-formation rates sSFR ∼150–630 Gyr−1, aiming to study the dependence of leaking Lyman continuum (LyC) emission on stellar mass and some other characteristics of the galaxy. We detect LyC emission in four out of nine galaxies with escape fractions, fesc(LyC), in the range of 11–35 per cent, and establish upper limits for fesc(LyC) in the remaining five galaxies. We observe a narrow Ly α emission line with two peaks in seven galaxies and likely more complex Ly α profiles in the two remaining galaxies. The velocity separation between the peaks Vsep varies in the range from ∼229 to ∼512 km s−1. Our additional data on low-mass galaxies confirm and strengthen the tight anticorrelation between fesc(LyC) and Vsep found for previous low-redshift galaxy samples with higher stellar masses. Vsep remains the best indirect indicator of LyC leakage. It is better than O32 on which fesc(LyC) depends weakly, with a large scatter. Finally, contrary to expectations, we find no increase of fesc(LyC) with decreasing galaxy stellar mass M⋆.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1772150

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 503; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Star Formation in Galaxies Along the Hubble Sequence Kennicutt, Robert C. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.36.1.189	journal	September 1998
Direct Detection of Lyman Continuum Escape from Local Starburst Galaxies with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph Leitherer, Claus; Hernandez, Svea; Lee, Janice C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 823, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/823/1/64	journal	May 2016
Early and Extended Helium Reionization over more than 600 Million Years of Cosmic time Worseck, Gábor; Prochaska, J. Xavier; Hennawi, Joseph F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 825, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/144	journal	July 2016
THE Ly α –LyC CONNECTION: EVIDENCE FOR AN ENHANCED CONTRIBUTION OF UV-FAINT GALAXIES TO COSMIC REIONIZATION Dijkstra, Mark; Gronke, Max; Venkatesan, Aparna The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 828, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/828/2/71	journal	September 2016
REVISITING THE LYMAN CONTINUUM ESCAPE CRISIS: PREDICTIONS FOR z > 6 FROM LOCAL GALAXIES Faisst, Andreas L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 829, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/829/2/99	journal	September 2016
The Interstellar Medium in High-redshift Submillimeter Galaxies as Probed by Infrared Spectroscopy Wardlow, Julie L.; Cooray, Asantha; Osage, Willow The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 837, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/837/1/12	journal	February 2017
Extremely Small Sizes for Faint z ∼ 2–8 Galaxies in the Hubble Frontier Fields: A Key Input for Establishing Their Volume Density and UV Emissivity Bouwens, R. J.; Illingworth, G. D.; Oesch, P. A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 843, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa74e4	journal	June 2017
Ly α Profile, Dust, and Prediction of Ly α Escape Fraction in Green Pea Galaxies Yang, Huan; Malhotra, Sangeeta; Gronke, Max The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 844, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7d4d	journal	August 2017
Blueberry Galaxies: The Lowest Mass Young Starbursts Yang, Huan; Malhotra, Sangeeta; Rhoads, James E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 847, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8809	journal	September 2017
A Close Relationship between Ly α and Mg ii in Green Pea Galaxies Henry, Alaina; Berg, Danielle A.; Scarlata, Claudia The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab099	journal	March 2018
SILVERRUSH. V. Census of Ly α , [O iii] λ 5007, H α , and [C ii] 158 μ m Line Emission with ∼1000 LAEs at z = 4.9–7.0 Revealed with Subaru/HSC Harikane, Yuichi; Ouchi, Masami; Shibuya, Takatoshi The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 859, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aabd80	journal	May 2018
The Keck Lyman Continuum Spectroscopic Survey (KLCS): The Emergent Ionizing Spectrum of Galaxies at z ∼ 3 Steidel, Charles C.; Bogosavljević, Milan; Shapley, Alice E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 869, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaed28	journal	December 2018
Subaru High- z Exploration of Low-luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). V. Quasar Luminosity Function and Contribution to Cosmic Reionization at z = 6 Matsuoka, Yoshiki; Strauss, Michael A.; Kashikawa, Nobunari The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 869, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaee7a	journal	December 2018
Neutral Gas Properties and Ly α Escape in Extreme Green Pea Galaxies McKinney, Jed H.; Jaskot, Anne E.; Oey, M. S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab08eb	journal	March 2019
Conditions for Reionizing the Universe with a Low Galaxy Ionizing Photon Escape Fraction Finkelstein, Steven L.; D’Aloisio, Anson; Paardekooper, Jan-Pieter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 879, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab1ea8	journal	July 2019
The Lyman Continuum Escape Survey: Ionizing Radiation from [O iii]-strong Sources at a Redshift of 3.1 Fletcher, Thomas J.; Tang, Mengtao; Robertson, Brant E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 878, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2045	journal	June 2019
Exploring Reionization-era Quasars. III. Discovery of 16 Quasars at 6.4 ≲ z ≲ 6.9 with DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys and the UKIRT Hemisphere Survey and Quasar Luminosity Function at z ∼ 6.7 Wang, Feige; Yang, Jinyi; Fan, Xiaohui The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 884, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2be5	journal	October 2019
The Lyman Continuum Escape Survey. II. Ionizing Radiation as a Function of the [O iii]/[O ii] Line Ratio Nakajima, Kimihiko; Ellis, Richard S.; Robertson, Brant E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6604	journal	February 2020
The Importance of Star Formation Intensity in Ly α Escape from Green Pea Galaxies and Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs Kim, Keunho; Malhotra, Sangeeta; Rhoads, James E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 893, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab7895	journal	April 2020
Rapid Reionization by the Oligarchs: The Case for Massive, UV-bright, Star-forming Galaxies with High Escape Fractions Naidu, Rohan P.; Tacchella, Sandro; Mason, Charlotte A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 892, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab7cc9	journal	April 2020
Spectral Shapes of the Ly α Emission from Galaxies. I. Blueshifted Emission and Intrinsic Invariance with Redshift Hayes, Matthew J.; Runnholm, Axel; Gronke, Max The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 908, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abd246	journal	February 2021
Q1549-C25: A CLEAN SOURCE OF LYMAN-CONTINUUM EMISSION AT z = 3.15 Shapley, Alice E.; Steidel, Charles C.; Strom, Allison L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 826, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/826/2/L24	journal	July 2016
Kinematics and Optical Depth in the Green Peas: Suppressed Superwinds in Candidate LyC Emitters Jaskot, Anne E.; Oey, M. S.; Scarlata, Claudia The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 851, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9d83	journal	December 2017

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