Getting to the Root of Plant–Mediated Methane Emissions and Oxidation in a Thermokarst Bog

Turner, Jesse C.; Moorberg, Colby J.; Wong, Andrea; Shea, Kathleen; Waldrop, Mark P.; Turetsky, Merritt R.; Neumann, Rebecca B.

doi:10.1029/2020jg005825

Getting to the Root of Plant–Mediated Methane Emissions and Oxidation in a Thermokarst Bog

Journal Article · Thu Oct 15 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jg005825· OSTI ID:1771151

^[1]; ^[2]; Wong, Andrea ^[3]; Shea, Kathleen ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[6]; ^[3]

Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); SMRU Consulting, Friday Harbor, WA (United States); University of Washington
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Univ. of Guelph, ON (Canada); Mackenzie Valley Environmental Impact Review Board, Yellowknife, NT (United States)
U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Univ. of Guelph, ON (Canada); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)

Vascular plants are important in the wetland methane cycle, but their effect on production, oxidation, and transport has high uncertainty, limiting our ability to predict emissions. In a permafrost–thaw bog in Interior Alaska, we used plant manipulation treatments, field–deployed planar optical oxygen sensors, direct measurements of methane oxidation, and microbial DNA analyses to disentangle mechanisms by which vascular vegetation affect methane emissions. Vegetation operated on top of baseline methane emissions, which varied with proximity to the thawing permafrost margin. Emissions from vegetated plots increased over the season, resulting in cumulative seasonal methane emissions that were 4.1–5.2 g m^–2 season^–1 greater than unvegetated plots. Mass balance calculations signify these greater emissions were due to increased methane production (3.0–3.5 g m^–2 season^–1) and decreased methane oxidation (1.1–1.6 g m^–2 season^–1). Minimal oxidation occurred along the plant–transport pathway, and oxidation was suppressed outside the plant pathway. Our data indicate suppression of methane oxidation was stimulated by root exudates fueling competition among microbes for electron acceptors. This contention is supported by the fact that methane oxidation and relative abundance of methanotrophs decreased over the season in the presence of vegetation, but methane oxidation remained steady in unvegetated treatments; oxygen was not detected around plant roots but was detected around silicone tubes mimicking aerenchyma; and oxygen injection experiments suggested that oxygen consumption was faster in the presence of vascular vegetation. In conclusion, root exudates are known to fuel methane production, and our work provides evidence they also decrease methane oxidation.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Earth and Environmental Systems Science Division; Joint Genome Institute; National Science Foundation; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station

Contributing Organization:: USGS Land Change Science Program. Bonanza Creek LTER Program, which is jointly funded by NSF (DEB 1026415) and the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (PNW01‐ JV112619320‐16)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010338

OSTI ID:: 1771151

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 125; ISSN 2169-8953

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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58 GEOSCIENCES
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aerenchyma
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Getting to the Root of Plant–Mediated Methane Emissions and Oxidation in a Thermokarst Bog

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