Mechanical characterization of 304L-VAR stainless steel in tension with a full coverage of low, intermediate, and high strain rates

Jin, Huiqing; Sanborn, Brett; Lu, Wei-Yang; Song, Bo

doi:10.1016/j.mechmat.2020.103654

Mechanical characterization of 304L-VAR stainless steel in tension with a full coverage of low, intermediate, and high strain rates

Journal Article · Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Mechanics of Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2020.103654· OSTI ID:1769892

Jin, Huiqing ^[1]; Sanborn, Brett ^[1]; Lu, Wei-Yang ^[1]; Song, Bo ^[1]

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)

A 304L-VAR stainless steel is mechanically characterized in tension over a full range of strain rates from low, intermediate, to high using a variety of apparatuses. While low- and high-strain-rate tests are conducted with a conventional Instron and a Kolsky tension bar, the tensile tests at intermediate strain rates are conducted with a fast MTS and a Drop-Hopkinson bar. The fast MTS used in this study is able to obtain reliable tensile response at the strain rates up to 150 s^-1, whereas the lower limit for the Drop-Hopkinson bar is 100 s^-1. Combining the fast MTS and the Drop-Hopkinson bar closes the gap within the intermediate strain rate regime. Using these four apparatuses, the tensile stress-strain curves of the 304L-VAR stainless steel are obtained at strain rates on each order of magnitude ranging from 0.0001 to 2580 s^-1. All tensile stress-strain curves exhibit linear elasticity followed by significant work hardening prior to necking. After necking occurrs, the specimen load decreases, and the deformation becomes highly localized until fracture. The tensile stress-strain response of the 304L-VAR stainless steel exhibits strain rate dependence. The flow stress increases with increasing strain rate and is described with a power law. The strain-rate sensitivity is also strain-dependent, possibly due to thermosoftening caused by adiabatic heating at high strain rates. The 304L-VAR stainless steel shows significant ductility. The true strains at the onset of necking and at failure are determined. The results show that the true strains at both onset of necking and failure decrease with increasing strain rate. The true failure strains are approximately 200% at low strain rates but are significantly lower (~100%) at high strain rates. The transition of true failure strain occurs within the intermediate strain rate range between 10^-2 and 10² s^-1. A Boltzmann description is used to present the effect of nominal strain rate on true failure strain.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 1769892

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1809493

Report Number(s):: SAND--2019-13706J; 681373

Journal Information:: Mechanics of Materials, Journal Name: Mechanics of Materials Vol. 152; ISSN 0167-6636

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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304L-VAR stainless Steel
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Intermediate strain rate
Mechanical characterization
Strain rate
Stress-strain
Tension

Mechanical characterization of 304L-VAR stainless steel in tension with a full coverage of low, intermediate, and high strain rates

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