Molecular Iodine Interactions with Fe, Ni, Cr, and Stainless Steel Alloys

Beck, Chelsie L.; Riley, Brian J.; Chong, Saehwa; Smith, Nathaniel; Seiner, Derrick R.; Seiner, Brienne N.; Engelhard, Mark H.; Clark, Sue B.

doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04590

Molecular Iodine Interactions with Fe, Ni, Cr, and Stainless Steel Alloys

Journal Article · Wed Feb 03 00:00:00 UTC 2021 · Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04590· OSTI ID:1769879

^[1]; ^[1]; Chong, Saehwa ^[1]; Smith, Nathaniel ^[1]; Seiner, Derrick R. ^[1]; Seiner, Brienne N. ^[1]; ^[1]; Clark, Sue B. ^[1]

Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

The adsorption behavior of molecular iodine is important for understanding the spread of radioiodine in a nuclear accident. Prior experiments indicate that, in addition to the interaction with Fe, molecular iodine [i.e., I_2(g)] also interacts with the next most abundant components of austenitic stainless steel (i.e., Ni, and Cr) at room temperature. Here, we investigate iodine adsorption on Fe, Ni, and Cr while focusing on understanding the variables affecting adsorption as well as the iodine compounds that are formed during adsorption. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize the surfaces of exposed metal particles and aid in the understanding of the morphology and chemistry of iodine interactions with the substrates. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to detect low levels of metal iodides and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to confirm the formation of the metal iodides. The role of environmental factors (e.g., humidity and oxygen content) for iodine adsorption on metal substrates is addressed. The individual metals demonstrated formation of metal iodides for Fe and Ni particles from interaction with I_2(g). The formation of metal iodides may indicate the affinity of iodine for the respective metal. In this study, the iodine affinities ranked Fe > Ni > Cr as determined by the quantity of chemisorbed iodine. This trend is also supported by the distributions and proportions of metals in the corrosion product of the stainless steels. The exposures without oxygen and humidity indicate the potential of a multistep iodine adsorption process where iodine first attacks the oxide layer and then chemisorbs to the exposed metal.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1769879

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--156259

Journal Information:: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, Journal Name: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 60; ISSN 0888-5885

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Molecular Iodine Interactions with Fe, Ni, Cr, and Stainless Steel Alloys

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