Cyber–physical systems (CPSs) are an integral part of modern society; thus, enhancing these systems’ reliability and resilience is paramount. Cyber–physical testbeds (CPTs) are a safe way to test and explore the interplay between the cyber and physical domains and to cost-effectively enhance the reliability and resilience of CPSs. Here a review of CPT elements, broken down into physical components (simulators, emulators, and physical hardware), soft components (communication protocols, network timing protocols), and user interfaces (visualization-dashboard design considerations) is presented. Various methods used to validate CPS performance are reviewed and evaluated for potential applications in CPT performance validation. Last, initial simulated results for a CPT design, based on the IEEE 33 bus system, are presented, along with a brief discussion on how model-based testing and fault–injection-based testing (using scaling and ramp-type attacks) may be used to help validate CPT performance.
Vaagensmith, Bjorn, et al. "Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments." Energies, vol. 14, no. 5, Mar. 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051409
Vaagensmith, Bjorn, Singh, Vivek Kumar, Ivans, Robert, et al., "Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments," Energies 14, no. 5 (2021), https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051409
@article{osti_1769212,
author = {Vaagensmith, Bjorn and Singh, Vivek Kumar and Ivans, Robert and Marino, Daniel L. and Wickramasinghe, Chathurika S. and Lehmer, Jacob and Phillips, Tyler and Rieger, Craig and Manic, Milos},
title = {Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments},
annote = {Cyber–physical systems (CPSs) are an integral part of modern society; thus, enhancing these systems’ reliability and resilience is paramount. Cyber–physical testbeds (CPTs) are a safe way to test and explore the interplay between the cyber and physical domains and to cost-effectively enhance the reliability and resilience of CPSs. Here a review of CPT elements, broken down into physical components (simulators, emulators, and physical hardware), soft components (communication protocols, network timing protocols), and user interfaces (visualization-dashboard design considerations) is presented. Various methods used to validate CPS performance are reviewed and evaluated for potential applications in CPT performance validation. Last, initial simulated results for a CPT design, based on the IEEE 33 bus system, are presented, along with a brief discussion on how model-based testing and fault–injection-based testing (using scaling and ramp-type attacks) may be used to help validate CPT performance.},
doi = {10.3390/en14051409},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1769212},
journal = {Energies},
issn = {ISSN ENERGA},
number = {5},
volume = {14},
place = {Switzerland},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
year = {2021},
month = {03}}
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