Crystallization in one-step solution deposition of perovskite films: Upward or downward?

Chen, Shangshang; Xiao, Xun; Chen, Bo; Kelly, Leah L.; Zhao, Jingjing; Lin, Yuze; Toney, Michael F.; Huang, Jinsong

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb2412

Crystallization in one-step solution deposition of perovskite films: Upward or downward?

Journal Article · Fri Jan 22 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb2412· OSTI ID:1768261

^[1]; ^[1]; Chen, Bo ^[1]; ^[2]; Zhao, Jingjing ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[3]; ^[1]

Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)

Despite the fast progress of perovskite photovoltaic performances, understanding the crystallization and growth of perovskite films is still lagging. One unanswered fundamental question is whether the perovskite films are grown from top (air side) to bottom (substrate side) or from bottom to top despite 10 years of development. Here, by using grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and morphology characterizations, we unveil that the perovskite films prepared by one-step solution processes, including antisolvent-assisted spin coating and blade coating, follow the downward growth from intermediate phase during thermal annealing. Such a top-to-bottom downward growth is initialized by the evaporation of residual solvent from the top surface of “wet” films and is less sensitive to perovskite compositions and the wettability of underlying substrates. Addressing this fundamental question is important to understand the heterogeneity of perovskite films along the vertical direction, which markedly affects the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1768261

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Journal Name: Science Advances Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 7; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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