Structural and Proteomic Studies of the Aureococcus anophagefferens Virus Demonstrate a Global Distribution of Virus-Encoded Carbohydrate Processing

Gann, Eric R.; Xian, Yuejiao; Abraham, Paul E.; Hettich, Robert L.; Reynolds, Todd B.; Xiao, Chuan; Wilhelm, Steven W.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.02047

Title: Structural and Proteomic Studies of the Aureococcus anophagefferens Virus Demonstrate a Global Distribution of Virus-Encoded Carbohydrate Processing

Journal Article · Tue Sep 08 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Frontiers in Microbiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.02047· OSTI ID:1767873

Gann, Eric R. ^[1]; Xian, Yuejiao ^[2];

^[3];

^[3]; Reynolds, Todd B. ^[1]; Xiao, Chuan ^[2]; Wilhelm, Steven W. ^[1]

Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Univ. of Texas at El Paso, TX (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Viruses modulate the function(s) of environmentally relevant microbial populations, yet considerations of the metabolic capabilities of individual virus particles themselves are rare. We used shotgun proteomics to quantitatively identify 43 virus-encoded proteins packaged within purified Aureococcus anophagefferens Virus (AaV) particles, normalizing data to the per-virion level using a 9.5-Å-resolution molecular reconstruction of the 1900-Å (AaV) particle that we generated with cryogenic electron microscopy. This packaged proteome was used to determine similarities and differences between members of different giant virus families. We noted that proteins involved in sugar degradation and binding (e.g., carbohydrate lyases) were unique to AaV among characterized giant viruses. To determine the extent to which this virally encoded metabolic capability was ecologically relevant, we examined the TARA Oceans dataset and identified genes and transcripts of viral origin. Our analyses demonstrated that putative giant virus carbohydrate lyases represented up to 17% of the marine pool for this function. In total, our observations suggest that the AaV particle has potential prepackaged metabolic capabilities and that these may be found in other giant viruses that are widespread and abundant in global oceans.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; IOS1922958; EMS4971; U24GM116787; U24GM116792; R01GM129525

OSTI ID:: 1767873

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 11, Issue 1; ISSN 1664-302X

Publisher:: Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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