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Optimization of battery swapping infrastructure for e-commerce drone delivery

Journal Article · · Computer Communications
 [1]
  1. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Drone delivery is widely-researched to alter the current e-commerce delivery convention for providing short delivery lead times. Yet, flight range of drones, constrained by the available battery technology, sets a milestone toward realizing the sole-drone delivery. To tackle with the flight range limitation, locating automated battery swapping machines (ABSM) have been proposed and a few studies modeled the problem. Using the ABSMs, drones can be loaded with fully-charged batteries along the route to a demand location. Here, we introduce a mixed-integer nonlinear program to model the problem. The objective of the program is to optimally select ABSM locations, determine the delivery-mode choices (drone-only, truck-only, and mixed delivery) of demand locations, find drone delivery routes, and approximate the baseline requirements for the number of drones and batteries needed. The program minimizes the overall delivery system costs including: ABSM, delivery, drone ownership, battery inventory, and service congestion. A cutting-plane method is developed to find exact solutions in finite iterations. Computational experiments showed that the method quickly yields the optimal solution to instances with less than 60 ABSM candidates and 20 demand locations. A case study shows that the optimal drone delivery infrastructure can save almost 20% cost compared to the conventional truck-only delivery. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to reveal the impact of key parameters in the decision-making and found that a decrease in the ABSM and drone costs highly affect the system cost.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1765824
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1809501
Journal Information:
Computer Communications, Journal Name: Computer Communications Vol. 168; ISSN 0140-3664
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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