Programmable hyperbolic polaritons in van der Waals semiconductors

Sternbach, A. J.; Chae, S. H.; Latini, S.; Rikhter, A. A.; Shao, Y.; Li, B.; Rhodes, D.; Kim, B.; Schuck, P. J.; Xu, X.; Zhu, X. -Y.; Averitt, R. D.; Hone, J.; Fogler, M. M.; Rubio, A.; Basov, D. N.

doi:10.1126/science.abe9163

Programmable hyperbolic polaritons in van der Waals semiconductors

Journal Article · Thu Feb 04 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abe9163· OSTI ID:1765022

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[1]; ^[2]; Rhodes, D. ^[2]; Kim, B. ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[5]; ^[6]; Averitt, R. D. ^[4]; ^[2]; ^[4]; ^[7]; ^[1]

Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Physics, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany., Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010, USA.

Collective electronic modes or lattice vibrations usually prohibit propagation of electromagnetic radiation through the bulk of common materials over a frequency range associated with these oscillations. However, this textbook tenet does not necessarily apply to layered crystals. Highly anisotropic materials often display nonintuitive optical properties and can permit propagation of subdiffractional waveguide modes, with hyperbolic dispersion, throughout their bulk. Here, we report on the observation of optically induced electronic hyperbolicity in the layered transition metal dichalcogenide tungsten diselenide (WSe ₂ ). We used photoexcitation to inject electron-hole pairs in WSe ₂ and then visualized, by transient nanoimaging, the hyperbolic rays that traveled along conical trajectories inside of the crystal. We establish here the signatures of programmable hyperbolic electrodynamics and assess the role of quantum transitions of excitons within the Rydberg series in the observed polaritonic response.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019443

OSTI ID:: 1765022

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1853269

Journal Information:: Science, Journal Name: Science Journal Issue: 6529 Vol. 371; ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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