Identification of LiH and nanocrystalline LiF in the solid–electrolyte interphase of lithium metal anodes

Shadike, Zulipiya; Lee, Hongkyung; Borodin, Oleg; Cao, Xia; Fan, Xiulin; Wang, Xuelong; Lin, Ruoqian; Bak, Seong-Min; Ghose, Sanjit; Xu, Kang; Wang, Chunsheng; Liu, Jun; Xiao, Jie; Yang, Xiao-Qing; Hu, Enyuan

doi:10.1038/s41565-020-00845-5

Identification of LiH and nanocrystalline LiF in the solid–electrolyte interphase of lithium metal anodes

Journal Article · Thu Jan 28 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Nature Nanotechnology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-00845-5· OSTI ID:1764002

^[1]; Lee, Hongkyung ^[2]; ^[3]; Cao, Xia ^[4]; Fan, Xiulin ^[5]; Wang, Xuelong ^[1]; Lin, Ruoqian ^[1]; ^[1]; Ghose, Sanjit ^[6]; ^[3]; ^[5]; ^[7]; ^[7]; ^[1]; ^[1]

Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Daegu Gyeongbuk Inst. of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu (Korea, Republic of)
Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

A comprehensive understanding of the solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) composition is crucial to developing high-energy batteries based on lithium metal anodes. A particularly contentious issue concerns the presence of LiH in the SEI. In this work, we report on the use of synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction and pair distribution function analysis to identify and differentiate two elusive components, LiH and LiF, in the SEI of lithium metal anodes. LiH is identified as a component of the SEI in high abundance, and the possibility of its misidentification as LiF in the literature is discussed. LiF in the SEI is found to have different structural features from LiF in the bulk phase, including a larger lattice parameter and a smaller grain size (<3 nm). These characteristics favour Li⁺ transport and explain why an ionic insulator, like LiF, has been found to be a favoured component for the SEI. Finally, pair distribution function analysis reveals key amorphous components in the SEI.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC05-76RL01830; SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1764002

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1764597
OSTI ID: 1785714

Report Number(s):: BNL--220958-2021-JAAM; BNL--220987-2021-JAAM; PNNL-SA--157884

Journal Information:: Nature Nanotechnology, Journal Name: Nature Nanotechnology Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 16; ISSN 1748-3387

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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