Multi-objective Eco-Routing Model Development and Evaluation for Battery Electric Vehicles.
This paper develops a multi-objective eco-routing algorithm (combined eco- and travel time-optimum routing) for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) and investigates the network-wide impacts of the proposed multi-objective Nash optimum (user equilibrium) traffic assignment on a large-scale network. Eco-routing is a technique that finds the most energy efficient route. ICEV and BEV energy consumption patterns are significantly different with regard to their sensitivity to driving cycles. Unlike ICEVs, BEVs are more energy efficient on low-speed arterial trips compared to highway trips. Different energy consumption patterns require different eco-routing strategies for ICEVs and BEVs. This study found that single objective eco-routing could significantly reduce the energy consumption of BEVs but also significantly increase their average travel time. Consequently, the study developed a multi-objective routing model (eco- and travel time-routing) to improve both energy and travel time measures. The model introduced a link cost function that uses the specification of the value of time and the cost of fuel/energy. The simulation study found that multi-objective routing could reduce the BEV energy consumption by 13.5%, 14.2%, 12.9%, and 10.7%, as well as ICEV fuel consumption by 0.1%, 4.3%, 3.4%, and 10.6% for “not congested, “slightly congested,” “moderately congested,” and “highly congested” conditions, respectively. The study also found that multi-objective user equilibrium routing reduced the average vehicle travel time by up to 10.1% compared to the standard user equilibrium traffic assignment for highly congested conditions, producing a solution closer to the system optimum traffic assignment. The results indicate that the proposed multi-objective eco-routing strategy can reduce vehicle fuel/energy consumption effectively with minimum impacts on travel times for both BEVs and ICEVs.
- Research Organization:
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office
- DOE Contract Number:
- EE0008209
- OSTI ID:
- 1763904
- Report Number(s):
- DOE-VT-0008209-C10
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: The Transportation Research Board (TRB) 100th Annual Meeting, at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center, Washington, D.C., January 2021.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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