Hydrodynamic computations of high-power laser drives generating metal ejecta jets from surface grooves

Mackay, K. K.; Najjar, F. M.; Ali, S. J.; Eggert, J. H.; Haxhimali, T.; Morgan, B. E.; Park, H. S.; Ping, Y.; Rinderknecht, H. G.; Stan, C. V.; Saunders, A. M.

doi:10.1063/5.0028147

Title: Hydrodynamic computations of high-power laser drives generating metal ejecta jets from surface grooves

Journal Article · Mon Dec 07 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0028147· OSTI ID:1734601

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Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics

Understanding dynamic fragmentation in shock-loaded metals and predicting properties of the resulting ejecta are of considerable importance for both basic and applied science. The nature of material ejection has been shown to change drastically when the free surface melts on compression or release. In this work, we present hydrodynamic simulations of laser-driven microjetting from micron-scale grooves on a tin surface. We study microjet formation across a range of shock strengths from drives that leave the target solid after release to drives that induce shock melting in the target. The shock-state particle velocity (Up) varies from 0.3 to 3 km/s and the shock breakout pressure is 3–120 GPa. The microjet tip velocity is 1–8 km/s and the free-surface velocity varies from 0.1 to 5 km/s. Two tin equations of state are examined: a “soft” model (LEOS 501) where the target melts for U_p > 1 km/s and a more detailed multiphase model (SESAME 2161) that melts for U_p > 1.4 km/s. We use these two models to examine the influence of phase change and the choice of the material model on microjet formation and evolution. We observe in our computational results that jet formation can be classified into three regimes: a low-energy regime where material strength affects jet formation, a moderate-energy regime dominated by the changing phase of tin material, and a high-energy regime where results are insensitive to the material model and jet formation is described by an idealized steady-jet theory. Using an ensemble of 2D simulations, we show that these trends hold across a wide range of drive energies and groove angles.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; 18-ERD-060

OSTI ID:: 1734601

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1734412

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-813296; 1020580; TRN: US2205175

Journal Information:: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 128, Issue 21; ISSN 0021-8979

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Hydrodynamic computations of high-power laser drives generating metal ejecta jets from surface grooves

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