Core-collapse supernova neutrino emission and detection informed by state-of-the-art three-dimensional numerical models

Journal Article · Sat Oct 17 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2691· OSTI ID:1734397

Nagakura, Hiroki ^[1]; Burrows, Adam ^[1]; Vartanyan, David  ^[2]; Radice, David ^[3]

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1. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
2. Astronomy Department and Theoretical Astrophysics Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
3. Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

ABSTRACT Based on our recent three-dimensional core-collapse supernova (CCSN) simulations including both exploding and non-exploding models, we study the detailed neutrino signals in representative terrestrial neutrino observatories, namely Super-Kamiokande (Hyper-Kamiokande), DUNE, JUNO, and IceCube. We find that the physical origin of difference in the neutrino signals between 1D and 3D is mainly proto-neutron-star convection. We study the temporal and angular variations of the neutrino signals and discuss the detectability of the time variations driven by the spiral standing accretion shock instability (spiral SASI) when it emerges for non-exploding models. In addition, we determine that there can be a large angular asymmetry in the event rate ($${\gtrsim} 50 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$$), but the time-integrated signal has a relatively modest asymmetry ($${\lesssim} 20 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$$). Both features are associated with the lepton-number emission self-sustained asymmetry and the spiral SASI. Moreover, our analysis suggests that there is an interesting correlation between the total neutrino energy (TONE) and the cumulative number of neutrino events in each detector, a correlation that can facilitate data analyses of real observations. We demonstrate the retrieval of neutrino energy spectra for all flavours of neutrino by applying a novel spectrum reconstruction technique to the data from multiple detectors. We find that this new method is capable of estimating the TONE within the error of ∼20 per cent if the distance to the CCSN is ≲6 kpc.

• Research Organization: Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States); Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC)
• Grant/Contract Number: SC0018297; AC02-06CH11357; AC03-76SF00098
• OSTI ID: 1734397
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1852584
• Journal Information: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 500 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 0035-8711
• Publisher: Oxford University Press
• Country of Publication: United Kingdom
• Language: English

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
neutrinos
supernovae: general