Direct online mass spectrometry measurements of ice nucleating particles at a California coastal site

Cornwell, Gavin C.; Mccluskey, Christina S.; Levin, E J.; Suski, Kaitlyn J.; DeMott, Paul J.; Kreidenweis, Sonia M.; Prather, Kimberly

doi:10.1029/2019JD030466

Title: Direct online mass spectrometry measurements of ice nucleating particles at a California coastal site

Journal Article · Wed Nov 27 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD030466· OSTI ID:1719119

Cornwell, Gavin C. ^[1]; Mccluskey, Christina S. ^[2]; Levin, E J. ^[3]; Suski, Kaitlyn J. ^[1]; DeMott, Paul J. ^[4]; Kreidenweis, Sonia M. ^[4]; Prather, Kimberly ^[5]

BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)
National Center for Atmospheric Research
5Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
Colorado State University
University of California, San Diego

The formation of ice in clouds can strongly impact cloud properties and precipitation processes during storms, including atmospheric rivers. Sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles are relatively inefficient as ice nucleating particles (INPs) compared to mineral dust. However, due to the vast coverage of the Earth’s surface by the oceans, a number of recent studies have focused on identifying sources of marine INPs, particularly in regions lacking a strong influence from dust. This study describes the integration, validation, and application of a system coupling a continuous flow diffusion chamber with a single particle mass spectrometer using a pumped counterflow virtual impactor to remove non-nucleated particles and selectively measure the composition of INPs with a detection efficiency of 3.10x10-4. In-situ measurements of immersion freezing INP composition were made at a coastal site in California using the integrated system. Mineral dust particles were the most abundant ice crystal residual type during the sampling period and found to be ice-active despite having undergone atmospheric processing. SSA were more abundant in ambient measurements but represented only a minor fraction of the ice crystal residual population at -31 ?C. Notably, the SSA particles that activated were enriched with organic-nitrogen species that were likely transferred from the ocean. Calculations of ice nucleation active site densities were within good agreement with previous studies of mineral dust and SSA.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1719119

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-152786

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 22

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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