New catalysts for hydroprocessing: Transition metal carbides and nitrides
- Clarkson Univ., Potsdam, NY (United States)
A series of moderate surface area transition metal carbides and nitrides of molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, niobium, and titanium were prepared by temperature-programmed reaction of the oxide precursor with a reactant gas (20% CH{sub 4}/H{sub 2} for the carbides and 100% NH{sub 3} for the nitrides). The phase purity and composition of the samples were established by X-ray diffraction photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while surface properties were determined by N{sub 2} BET and CO chemisorption measurements. The catalysts were tested in three-phase trickle-bed reactor for their activity in hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), hydrodesulfurization, and hydrodeoxygenation, with particular emphasis on HDN. The catalytic tests were carried out using a model liquid feed mixture containing 3000 ppm sulfur (dibenzothiophene), 2000 ppm nitrogen (quinoline), 500 ppm oxygen (benzofuran), 20 wt% aromatics (tetralin), and balance aliphatics (tetradecane). The carbides and nitrides were found to be active for HDN of quinoline with activity following the order group 6 > group 5 > group 4. Notably, Mo{sub 2}C showed superior areal HDN activity than a commercial sulfided Ni-Mo/Al{sub 2} O{sub 3} catalyst (shell 324). The XRD analysis of the spent catalysts indicated no change in the bulk structure, while XPS results showed little incorporation of sulfur in the surface region of the catalysts, suggesting that these materials are tolerant of sulfur. 42 refs., 11 figs., 7 tabs.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- FG22-95PC95207
- OSTI ID:
- 171492
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 99, Issue 44; Other Information: PBD: 2 Nov 1995
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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