Recent Advances in the Application of Functionalized Lignin in Value-Added Polymeric Materials

Wang, Yun-Yan; Meng, Xianzhi; Pu, Yunqiao; J. Ragauskas, Arthur

doi:10.3390/polym12102277

Title: Recent Advances in the Application of Functionalized Lignin in Value-Added Polymeric Materials

Journal Article · Sat Oct 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Polymers

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12102277· OSTI ID:1714399

; Meng, Xianzhi; Pu, Yunqiao;

The quest for converting lignin into high-value products has been continuously pursued in the past few decades. In its native form, lignin is a group of heterogeneous polymers comprised of phenylpropanoids. The major commercial lignin streams, including Kraft lignin, lignosulfonates, soda lignin and organosolv lignin, are produced from industrial processes including the paper and pulping industry and emerging lignocellulosic biorefineries. Although lignin has been viewed as a low-cost and renewable feedstock to replace petroleum-based materials, its utilization in polymeric materials has been suppressed due to the low reactivity and inherent physicochemical properties of lignin. Hence, various lignin modification strategies have been developed to overcome these problems. Herein, we review recent progress made in the utilization of functionalized lignins in commodity polymers including thermoset resins, blends/composites, grafted functionalized copolymers and carbon fiber precursors. In the synthesis of thermoset resins such as polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde and epoxy, they are covalently incorporated into the polymer matrix, and the discussion is focused on chemical modifications improving the reactivity of technical lignins. In blends/composites, functionalization of technical lignins is based upon tuning the intermolecular forces between polymer components. In addition, grafted functional polymers have expanded the utilization of lignin-based copolymers to biomedical materials and value-added additives. Different modification approaches have also been applied to facilitate the application of lignin as carbon fiber precursors, heavy metal adsorbents and nanoparticles. These emerging fields will create new opportunities in cost-effectively integrating the lignin valorization into lignocellulosic biorefineries.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1714399

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1675037

Journal Information:: Polymers, Journal Name: Polymers Vol. 12 Journal Issue: 10; ISSN 2073-4360

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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Sorptive removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions by Delonix regia derived lignin: effect of amination Okoronkwo, Afamefuna Elvis; Adebayo, Albert Ojo; Omotunde, Oluwatoyin Iyanu Desalination and Water Treatment, Vol. 51, Issue 25-27 https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.800344	journal	May 2013
Structure-property relationships for technical lignins for the production of lignin-phenol-formaldehyde resins Pang, Bo; Yang, Sheng; Fang, Wei Industrial Crops and Products, Vol. 108 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.07.009	journal	December 2017
Miscible Blends of Kraft Lignin Derivatives with Low- T _g Polymers Li, Yan; Sarkanen, Simo Macromolecules, Vol. 38, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma047546g	journal	March 2005
Preparation of Lignin/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Composite Nanoparticles and Their Application in Pickering Emulsion Template-Based Microencapsulation Pang, Yuxia; Wang, Shengwen; Qiu, Xueqing Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 65, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03784	journal	December 2017
Adsorption of Cu( ii ) ions in aqueous solution by aminated lignin from enzymatic hydrolysis residues Xu, Jun; Zhu, Shiyun; Liu, Peng RSC Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 71 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA06693G	journal	January 2017
Lignin-Based Thermoplastic Materials Wang, Chao; Kelley, Stephen S.; Venditti, Richard A. ChemSusChem, Vol. 9, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201501531	journal	April 2016
Preparation and toughening of mechanochemically modified lignin-based epoxy Guo, Xiaojie; Xin, Junna; Huang, Jijun Polymer, Vol. 183 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121859	journal	November 2019
Rapid and Direct Preparation of Lignin Nanoparticles from Alkaline Pulping Liquor by Mild Ultrasonication Agustin, Melissa B.; Penttilä, Paavo A.; Lahtinen, Maarit ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 7, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b05445	journal	November 2019
Green and Facile Preparation of Regular Lignin Nanoparticles with High Yield and Their Natural Broad-Spectrum Sunscreens Wang, Bing; Sun, Dan; Wang, Han-Min ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b05735	journal	December 2018
New Dual Functional PHB-Grafted Lignin Copolymer: Synthesis, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility Studies Kai, Dan; Zhang, Kangyi; Liow, Sing Shy ACS Applied Bio Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.8b00445	journal	December 2018
Phenol-Enhanced Depolymerization and Activation of Kraft Lignin in Alkaline Medium Gan, Linhuo; Pan, Xuejun Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 58, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01147	journal	April 2019
The current and emerging sources of technical lignins and their applications: Sources of Technical Lignins Li, Tao; Takkellapati, Sudhakar Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, Vol. 12, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1913	journal	July 2018
High-strength lignin-based carbon fibers via a low-energy method Dai, Zhong; Shi, Xiaojuan; Liu, Huan RSC Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA10821D	journal	January 2018
Antioxidant and antibacterial lignin nanoparticles in polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan films for active packaging Yang, W.; Owczarek, J. S.; Fortunati, E. Industrial Crops and Products, Vol. 94 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.09.061	journal	December 2016
Heavy metal ions retention by bi-functionalized lignin: Synthesis, applications, and adsorption mechanisms Ge, Yuanyuan; Li, Zhili; Kong, Yan Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol. 20, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.02.011	journal	November 2014
Role of Physicochemical Structure of Organosolv Hardwood and Herbaceous Lignins on Carbon Fiber Performance Hosseinaei, Omid; Harper, David P.; Bozell, Joseph J. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01828	journal	August 2016
A simple and effective approach to fabricate lignin nanoparticles with tunable sizes based on lignin fractionation Ma, Mingshuai; Dai, Lin; Xu, Jikun Green Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC00377H	journal	January 2020
A review on lignin-based polymeric, micro- and nano-structured materials Duval, Antoine; Lawoko, Martin Reactive and Functional Polymers, Vol. 85 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.09.017	journal	December 2014
Sustainable and Antioxidant Lignin–Polyester Copolymers and Nanofibers for Potential Healthcare Applications Kai, Dan; Zhang, Kangyi; Jiang, Lu ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00850	journal	June 2017
Recent advances in lignin-based polyurethanes Wang, Yun-Yan; Cai, Charles; Ragauskas, Arthur TAPPI Journal, Vol. 16, Issue 04 https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ16.4.203	journal	January 2017
Engineering highly stretchable lignin-based electrospun nanofibers for potential biomedical applications Kai, Dan; Jiang, Shan; Low, Zhi Wei Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Vol. 3, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TB00765H	journal	January 2015
High bio-content polyurethane composites with urethane modified lignin as filler Zhang, Chaoqun; Wu, Hongchao; Kessler, Michael R. Polymer, Vol. 69 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.046	journal	July 2015
Towards high-yield lignin monomer production Shuai, Li; Saha, Basudeb Green Chemistry, Vol. 19, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7GC01676J	journal	January 2017

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