The effect of switchgrass plant cell wall properties on its deconstruction by thermochemical pretreatments coupled with fungal enzymatic hydrolysis or Clostridium thermocellum consolidated bioprocessing

Kothari, Ninad; Bhagia, Samarthya; Pu, Yunqiao Joseph; Yoo, Chang Geun; Li, Mi; Venketachalam, Sivasankari; Pattathil, Sivakumar; Kumar, Rajeev; Cai, Charles M.; Hahn, Michael G.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.; Wyman, Charles E.

doi:10.1039/d0gc02546a

Title: The effect of switchgrass plant cell wall properties on its deconstruction by thermochemical pretreatments coupled with fungal enzymatic hydrolysis or Clostridium thermocellum consolidated bioprocessing

Journal Article · Wed Oct 28 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Green Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/d0gc02546a· OSTI ID:1706247

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Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Syracuse, NY (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)

A combination of thermochemical pretreatment and biological digestion technologies is usually required to overcome lignocellulosic recalcitrance and accomplish effective biomass deconstruction. In this study, we aimed to understand switchgrass breakdown by hydrothermal, dilute acid, dilute alkali, and co-solvent enhanced lignocellulosic fractionation (CELF) pretreatments followed by application of traditional fungal enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) and Clostridium thermocellum consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) to the resulting solids. Unpretreated and pretreated switchgrass and their EH and CBP residues were characterized by a suite of analytical techniques to understand structural changes that occurred during deconstruction. CELF pretreated solids showed the highest accessibility and digestibility by both EH and CBP followed by dilute alkali and then dilute acid/hydrothermal pretreated solids. Lignin removal from biomass had a more positive impact on substrate accessibility and digestibility than did xylan removal, while xyloglucan removal by pretreatment appeared essential for cellulose digestion by fungal enzymes. The extent of CBP digestion of cellulose and non-cellulosic glycans was larger than that by EH. Unlike dilute alkali pretreatment, cellulose crystallinity increased for acid-based pretreatments in the following order: hydrothermal, dilute acid, and CELF. Acid-based pretreatments also substantially reduced cellulose degree of polymerization. All thermochemical and biological digestion approaches increased syringyl to guaiacyl lignin (S/G) ratio and reduced β-O-4 lignin interunit linkage and hydroxycinnamates content from levels in unpretreated switchgrass. The substantial increase in S/G ratio after hydrothermal and dilute alkali preatreatments suggested that high temperatures or alkali removed a large portion of G lignin from switchgrass.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; PS02-06ER64304; FWP ERKP752

OSTI ID:: 1706247

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1690310

Journal Information:: Green Chemistry, Vol. N/A, Issue N/A; ISSN 1463-9262

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Conversion for Avicel and AFEX pretreated corn stover by Clostridium thermocellum and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation: Insights into microbial conversion of pretreated cellulosic biomass Shao, Xiongjun; Jin, Mingjie; Guseva, Anna Bioresource Technology, Vol. 102, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.021	journal	September 2011
Biomass pretreatment: Fundamentals toward application Agbor, Valery B.; Cicek, Nazim; Sparling, Richard Biotechnology Advances, Vol. 29, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.05.005	journal	November 2011
Potential of fungi as category I Consolidated BioProcessing organisms for cellulosic ethanol production Amore, Antonella; Faraco, Vincenza Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.050	journal	June 2012
Effects of Biomass Accessibility and Klason Lignin Contents during Consolidated Bioprocessing in Populus trichocarpa Akinosho, Hannah; Dumitrache, Alexandru; Natzke, Jace ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00449	journal	April 2017
Adding tetrahydrofuran to dilute acid pretreatment provides new insights into substrate changes that greatly enhance biomass deconstruction by Clostridium thermocellum and fungal enzymes Thomas, Vanessa A.; Donohoe, Bryon S.; Li, Mi Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-017-0937-3	journal	November 2017
Insights into the effect of dilute acid, hot water or alkaline pretreatment on the cellulose accessible surface area and the overall porosity of Populus Meng, Xianzhi; Wells, Tyrone; Sun, Qining Green Chemistry, Vol. 17, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5GC00689A	journal	January 2015
Impact of engineered lignin composition on biomass recalcitrance and ionic liquid pretreatment efficiency Shi, Jian; Pattathil, Sivakumar; Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan Green Chemistry, Vol. 18, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6GC01193D	journal	January 2016
Pretreatment: the key to unlocking low-cost cellulosic ethanol Yang, Bin; Wyman, Charles E. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.49	journal	January 2008
The Multi Domain Caldicellulosiruptor bescii CelA Cellulase Excels at the Hydrolysis of Crystalline Cellulose Brunecky, Roman; Donohoe, Bryon S.; Yarbrough, John M. Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08985-w	journal	August 2017
Lignocellulose fermentation and residual solids characterization for senescent switchgrass fermentation by Clostridium thermocellum in the presence and absence of continuous in situ ball-milling Balch, Michael L.; Holwerda, Evert K.; Davis, Mark F. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 10, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE03748H	journal	January 2017
Elucidating Structural Characteristics of Biomass using Solution-State 2 D NMR with a Mixture of Deuterated Dimethylsulfoxide and Hexamethylphosphoramide Yoo, Chang Geun; Pu, Yunqiao; Li, Mi ChemSusChem, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201600135	journal	April 2016

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