Monitoring the Morphology of M87* in 2009–2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope

Wielgus, Maciek; Akiyama, Kazunori; Blackburn, Lindy; Chan, Chi-kwan; Dexter, Jason; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Fish, Vincent L.; Issaoun, Sara; Johnson, Michael D.; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Lu, Ru-Sen; Pesce, Dominic W.; Wong, George N.; Bower, Geoffrey C.; Broderick, Avery E.; Chael, Andrew; Chatterjee, Koushik; Gammie, Charles F.; Georgiev, Boris; Hada, Kazuhiro; Loinard, Laurent; Markoff, Sera; Marrone, Daniel P.; Plambeck, Richard; Weintroub, Jonathan; Dexter, Matthew; MacMahon, David E.; Wright, Melvyn; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; Asada, Keiichi; Azulay, Rebecca; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin; Ball, David; Baloković, Mislav; Barausse, Enrico; Barrett, John; Bintley, Dan; Boland, Wilfred; Bouman, Katherine L.; Bremer, Michael; Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Brissenden, Roger; Britzen, Silke; Broguiere, Dominique; Bronzwaer, Thomas; Byun, Do-Young; Carlstrom, John E.; Chatterjee, Shami; Chen, Ming-Tang; Chen, Yongjun; Cho, Ilje; Christian, Pierre; Conway, John E.; Cordes, James M.; Crew, Geoffrey B.; Cui, Yuzhu; Davelaar, Jordy; Laurentis, Mariafelicia De; Deane, Roger; Dempsey, Jessica; Desvignes, Gregory; Dzib, Sergio A.; Eatough, Ralph P.; Falcke, Heino; Fomalont, Ed; Fraga-Encinas, Raquel; Friberg, Per; Fromm, Christian M.; Galison, Peter; García, Roberto; Gentaz, Olivier; Goddi, Ciriaco; Gold, Roman; Gómez, José L.; Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I.; Gu, Minfeng; Gurwell, Mark; Hecht, Michael H.; Hesper, Ronald; Ho, Luis C.; Ho, Paul; Honma, Mareki; Huang, Chih-Wei L.; Huang, Lei; Hughes, David H.; Inoue, Makoto; James, David J.; Jannuzi, Buell T.; Janssen, Michael; Jeter, Britton; Jiang, Wu; Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra; Jorstad, Svetlana; Jung, Taehyun; Karami, Mansour; Karuppusamy, Ramesh; Kawashima, Tomohisa; Keating, Garrett K.; Kettenis, Mark; Kim, Jae-Young; Kim, Junhan; Kim, Jongsoo; Kino, Motoki; Koay, Jun Yi; Koch, Patrick M.; Koyama, Shoko; Kramer, Michael; Kramer, Carsten; Kuo, Cheng-Yu; Lauer, Tod R.; Lee, Sang-Sung; Li, Yan-Rong; Li, Zhiyuan; Lindqvist, Michael; Lico, Rocco; Liu, Kuo; Liuzzo, Elisabetta; Lo, Wen-Ping; Lobanov, Andrei P.; Lonsdale, Colin; MacDonald, Nicholas R.; Mao, Jirong; Marchili, Nicola; Marscher, Alan P.; Martí-Vidal, Iván; Matsushita, Satoki; Matthews, Lynn D.; Medeiros, Lia; Menten, Karl M.; Mizuno, Yosuke; Mizuno, Izumi; Moran, James M.; Moriyama, Kotaro; Moscibrodzka, Monika; Müller, Cornelia; Musoke, Gibwa; Nagai, Hiroshi; Nagar, Neil M.; Nakamura, Masanori; Narayan, Ramesh; Narayanan, Gopal; Natarajan, Iniyan; Nathanail, Antonios; Neri, Roberto; Ni, Chunchong; Noutsos, Aristeidis; Okino, Hiroki; Olivares, Héctor; Ortiz-León, Gisela N.; Oyama, Tomoaki; Özel, Feryal; Palumbo, Daniel M.; Park, Jongho; Patel, Nimesh; Pen, Ue-Li; Piétu, Vincent; PopStefanija, Aleksandar; Porth, Oliver; Prather, Ben; Preciado-López, Jorge A.; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Pu, Hung-Yi; Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh; Rao, Ramprasad; Rawlings, Mark G.; Raymond, Alexander W.; Rezzolla, Luciano; Ripperda, Bart; Roelofs, Freek; Rogers, Alan; Ros, Eduardo; Rose, Mel; Roshanineshat, Arash; Rottmann, Helge; Roy, Alan L.; Ruszczyk, Chet; Ryan, Benjamin R.; Rygl, Kazi J.; Sánchez, Salvador; Sánchez-Arguelles, David; Sasada, Mahito; Savolainen, Tuomas; Schloerb, F. Peter; Schuster, Karl-Friedrich; Shao, Lijing; Shen, Zhiqiang; Small, Des; Sohn, Bong Won; SooHoo, Jason; Tazaki, Fumie; Tiede, Paul; Tilanus, Remo J.; Titus, Michael; Toma, Kenji; Torne, Pablo; Trent, Tyler; Traianou, Efthalia; Trippe, Sascha; Tsuda, Shuichiro; Bemmel, Ilse van; van Langevelde, Huib Jan; van Rossum, Daniel R.; Wagner, Jan; Wardle, John; Ward-Thompson, Derek; Wex, Norbert; Wharton, Robert; Wu, Qingwen; Yoon, Doosoo; Young, André; Young, Ken; Younsi, Ziri; Yuan, Feng; Yuan, Ye-Fei; Zensus, J. Anton; Zhao, Guangyao; Zhao, Shan-Shan; Zhu, Ziyan

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abac0d

Title: Monitoring the Morphology of M87* in 2009–2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope

Journal Article · Wed Sep 23 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abac0d· OSTI ID:1674987

;

; Chatterjee, Koushik;

;

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has recently delivered the first resolved images of M87*, the supermassive black hole in the center of the M87 galaxy. These images were produced using 230 GHz observations performed in 2017 April. Additional observations are required to investigate the persistence of the primary image feature—a ring with azimuthal brightness asymmetry—and to quantify the image variability on event horizon scales. To address this need, we analyze M87* data collected with prototype EHT arrays in 2009, 2011, 2012, and 2013. While these observations do not contain enough information to produce images, they are sufficient to constrain simple geometric models. We develop a modeling approach based on the framework utilized for the 2017 EHT data analysis and validate our procedures using synthetic data. Applying the same approach to the observational data sets, we find the M87* morphology in 2009–2017 to be consistent with a persistent asymmetric ring of ~40 μas diameter. The position angle of the peak intensity varies in time. In particular, we find a significant difference between the position angle measured in 2013 and 2017. These variations are in broad agreement with predictions of a subset of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We show that quantifying the variability across multiple observational epochs has the potential to constrain the physical properties of the source, such as the accretion state or the black hole spin.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Contributing Organization:: Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

OSTI ID:: 1674987

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-20-534-V; arXiv:2009.11842; oai:inspirehep.net:1818905

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 901, Issue 1; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (61)

GRMHD simulations of magnetized advection-dominated accretion on a non-spinning black hole: role of outflows: Magnetized advection-dominated accretion Narayan, Ramesh; Sądowski, Aleksander; Penna, Robert F. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 426, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22002.x	journal	October 2012
The acs Fornax Cluster Survey. v. Measurement and Recalibration of Surface Brightness Fluctuations and a Precise Value of the Fornax-Virgo Relative Distance Blakeslee, John P.; Jordán, Andrés; Mei, Simona The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 694, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/694/1/556	journal	March 2009
The Black hole mass in m87 from Gemini/Nifs Adaptive Optics Observations Gebhardt, Karl; Adams, Joshua; Richstone, Douglas The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 729, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/729/2/119	journal	February 2011
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0e85	journal	April 2019
A Black hole Mass-Variability Timescale Correlation at Submillimeter Wavelengths Bower, Geoffrey C.; Dexter, Jason; Markoff, Sera The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 811, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/811/1/L6	journal	September 2015
The Structure and Dynamics of the Subparsec Jet in M87 Based on 50 VLBA Observations over 17 Years at 43 GHz Walker, R. Craig; Hardee, Philip E.; Davies, Frederick B. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaafcc	journal	March 2018
HARM: A Numerical Scheme for General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Gammie, Charles F.; McKinney, Jonathan C.; Toth, Gabor The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 589, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/374594	journal	May 2003
Closure Statistics in Interferometric Data Blackburn, Lindy; Pesce, Dominic W.; Johnson, Michael D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 894, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab8469	journal	May 2020
230 GHz VLBI OBSERVATIONS OF M87: EVENT‐HORIZON‐SCALE STRUCTURE DURING AN ENHANCED VERY‐HIGH‐ENERGY $\gamma $‐RAY STATE IN 2012 Akiyama, Kazunori; Lu, Ru-Sen; Fish, Vincent L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 807, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/807/2/150	journal	July 2015
A geometric crescent model for black hole images Kamruddin, Ayman Bin; Dexter, Jason Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 434, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1068	journal	July 2013
The concept of degree of coherence and its application to optical problems Zernike, F. Physica, Vol. 5, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-8914(38)80203-2	journal	August 1938
THE SUBMILLIMETER BUMP IN Sgr A* FROM RELATIVISTIC MHD SIMULATIONS Dexter, Jason; Agol, Eric; Fragile, P. Chris The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 717, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/717/2/1092	journal	June 2010
FINE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF THE QUASAR 3C 279 MEASURED WITH 1.3 mm VERY LONG BASELINE INTERFEROMETRY Lu, Ru-Sen; Fish, Vincent L.; Akiyama, Kazunori The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 772, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/772/1/13	journal	June 2013
The Effects of Tilt on the Images of Black Hole Accretion Flows White, Christopher J.; Dexter, Jason; Blaes, Omer The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 894, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab8463	journal	April 2020
Die Wahrscheinliche Schwingungsverteilung in Einer von Einer Lichtquelle Direkt Oder Mittels Einer Linse Beleuchteten Ebene van Cittert, P. H. Physica, Vol. 1, Issue 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-8914(34)90026-4	journal	January 1934
The limb-brightened jet of M87 down to the 7 Schwarzschild radii scale Kim, J. -Y.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Lu, R. -S. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 616 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832921	journal	August 2018
Evolving non-thermal electrons in simulations of black hole accretion Chael, Andrew A.; Narayan, Ramesh; Sa̧dowski, Aleksander Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 470, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1345	journal	July 2017
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0c96	journal	April 2019
The 2010 very high Energy γ-Ray Flare and 10 Years of Multi-Wavelength Observations of m 87 Abramowski, A.; Acero, F.; Aharonian, F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 746, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/151	journal	February 2012
A powerful local shear instability in weakly magnetized disks. I - Linear analysis. II - Nonlinear evolution Balbus, Steven A.; Hawley, John F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 376 https://doi.org/10.1086/170270	journal	July 1991
General-relativistic Resistive Magnetohydrodynamics with Robust Primitive-variable Recovery for Accretion Disk Simulations Ripperda, B.; Bacchini, F.; Porth, O. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 244, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab3922	journal	September 2019
ipole – semi-analytic scheme for relativistic polarized radiative transport Mościbrodzka, M.; Gammie, C. F. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 475, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx3162	journal	December 2017
The ALMA Phasing System: A Beamforming Capability for Ultra-high-resolution Science at (Sub)Millimeter Wavelengths Matthews, L. D.; Crew, G. B.; Doeleman, S. S. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 130, Issue 983 https://doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/aa9c3d	journal	December 2017
Mojave: Monitoring of jets in Active Galactic Nuclei with vlba Experiments. vi. Kinematics Analysis of a Complete Sample of Blazar jets Lister, M. L.; Cohen, M. H.; Homan, D. C. The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 138, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1874	journal	November 2009
Viewing the Shadow of the Black Hole at the Galactic Center Falcke, Heino; Melia, Fulvio; Agol, Eric The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 528, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1086/312423	journal	January 2000
Persistent Asymmetric Structure of Sagittarius a* on Event Horizon Scales Fish, Vincent L.; Johnson, Michael D.; Doeleman, Sheperd S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 820, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/90	journal	March 2016
EHT-HOPS Pipeline for Millimeter VLBI Data Reduction Blackburn, Lindy; Chan, Chi-kwan; Crew, Geoffrey B. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 882, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab328d	journal	August 2019
Bayesian Techniques for Comparing Time-Dependent Grmhd Simulations to Variable Event Horizon Telescope Observations Kim, Junhan; Marrone, Daniel P.; Chan, Chi-Kwan The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 832, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/832/2/156	journal	November 2016
Imaging the Black hole Silhouette of m87: Implications for jet Formation and Black hole spin Broderick, Avery E.; Loeb, Abraham The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 697, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/1164	journal	May 2009
The Supermassive Black Hole of M87 and the Kinematics of Its Associated Gaseous Disk Macchetto, F.; Marconi, A.; Axon, D. J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 489, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1086/304823	journal	November 1997
Super-resolution imaging with radio interferometry using sparse modeling Honma, Mareki; Akiyama, Kazunori; Uemura, Makoto Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 66, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psu070	journal	September 2014
Information criteria for astrophysical model selection Liddle, A. R. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 377, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3933.2007.00306.x	journal	May 2007
The Event Horizon General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Code Comparison Project Porth, Oliver; Chatterjee, Koushik; Narayan, Ramesh The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 243, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab29fd	journal	August 2019
High-Resolution Linear Polarimetric Imaging for the Event Horizon Telescope Chael, Andrew A.; Johnson, Michael D.; Narayan, Ramesh The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 829, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/829/1/11	journal	September 2016
Fringe detection methods for very long baseline arrays Rogers, Alan E. E.; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Moran, James M. The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 109 https://doi.org/10.1086/117371	journal	March 1995
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7	journal	April 2019
Modeling Seven Years of Event Horizon Telescope Observations with Radiatively Inefficient Accretion flow Models Broderick, Avery E.; Fish, Vincent L.; Johnson, Michael D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 820, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/137	journal	March 2016
Radiative, two-temperature simulations of low-luminosity black hole accretion flows in general relativity Sądowski, Aleksander; Wielgus, Maciek; Narayan, Ramesh Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 466, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw3116	journal	December 2016
The role of electron heating physics in images and variability of the Galactic Centre black hole Sagittarius A* Chael, Andrew; Rowan, Michael; Narayan, Ramesh Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 478, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1261	journal	June 2018
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab1141	journal	April 2019
General relativistic magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the jet in M 87 Mościbrodzka, Monika; Falcke, Heino; Shiokawa, Hotaka Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 586 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526630	journal	January 2016
The Galactic Center Weather Forecast Mościbrodzka, M.; Shiokawa, H.; Gammie, C. F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 752, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/752/1/L1	journal	May 2012
Energy, momentum and mass outflows and feedback from thick accretion discs around rotating black holes Sądowski, Aleksander; Narayan, Ramesh; Penna, Robert Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 436, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1881	journal	November 2013
Detection of Intrinsic Source Structure at ∼3 Schwarzschild Radii with Millimeter-VLBI Observations of SAGITTARIUS A* Lu, Ru-Sen; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Roy, Alan L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 859, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aabe2e	journal	May 2018
Using evolutionary algorithms to model relativistic jets: Application to NGC 1052 Fromm, C. M.; Younsi, Z.; Baczko, A. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 629 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834724	journal	August 2019
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Data Processing and Calibration Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0c57	journal	April 2019
Resolved magnetic-field structure and variability near the event horizon of Sagittarius A Johnson, M. D.; Fish, V. L.; Doeleman, S. S. Science, Vol. 350, Issue 6265 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac7087	journal	December 2015
FAST VARIABILITY AND MILLIMETER/IR FLARES IN GRMHD MODELS OF Sgr A* FROM STRONG-FIELD GRAVITATIONAL LENSING Chan, Chi-kwan; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Özel, Feryal The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 812, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/812/2/103	journal	October 2015
Interferometry and Synthesis in Radio Astronomy Thompson, A. Richard; Moran, James M.; Swenson, George W. Astronomy and Astrophysics Library https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44431-4	book	January 2017
Jet-Launching Structure Resolved Near the Supermassive Black Hole in M87 Doeleman, S. S.; Fish, V. L.; Schenck, D. E. Science, Vol. 338, Issue 6105 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1224768	journal	September 2012
Energy distribution of relativistic electrons in the kiloparsec scale jet of M 87 with Chandra Sun, Xiao-Na; Yang, Rui-Zhi; Rieger, Frank M. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 612 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731716	journal	April 2018
Magnetically Arrested Disk: an Energetically Efficient Accretion Flow: Fig. 1 Narayan, Ramesh; Igumenshchev, Igor V.; Abramowicz, Marek A. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 55, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/55.6.L69	journal	December 2003
Calibration of ALMA as a Phased Array. ALMA Observations During the 2017 VLBI Campaign Goddi, C.; Martí-Vidal, I.; Messias, H. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 131, Issue 1001 https://doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ab136a	journal	May 2019
The m87 Black hole mass from Gas-Dynamical Models of Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph Observations Walsh, Jonelle L.; Barth, Aaron J.; Ho, Luis C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 770, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/86	journal	May 2013
1.3 mm WAVELENGTH VLBI OF SAGITTARIUS A*: DETECTION OF TIME-VARIABLE EMISSION ON EVENT HORIZON SCALES Fish, Vincent L.; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Beaudoin, Christopher The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 727, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/727/2/L36	journal	January 2011
THEMIS: A Parameter Estimation Framework for the Event Horizon Telescope Broderick, Avery E.; Gold, Roman; Karami, Mansour The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 897, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab91a4	journal	July 2020
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0f43	journal	April 2019
Modeling non-thermal emission from the jet-launching region of M 87 with adaptive mesh refinement Davelaar, Jordy; Olivares, Hector; Porth, Oliver Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 632 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936150	journal	November 2019
Interferometric Imaging Directly with Closure Phases and Closure Amplitudes Chael, Andrew A.; Johnson, Michael D.; Bouman, Katherine L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 857, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab6a8	journal	April 2018
rPICARD: A CASA-based calibration pipeline for VLBI data: Calibration and imaging of 7 mm VLBA observations of the AGN jet in M 87 Janssen, M.; Goddi, C.; van Bemmel, I. M. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 626 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935181	journal	June 2019
Hot Accretion Flows Around Black Holes Yuan, Feng; Narayan, Ramesh Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 52, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082812-141003	journal	August 2014

Cited By (4)

Reflection-asymmetric wormholes and their double shadows Wielgus, Maciek; Horak, Jiri; Vincent, Frederic arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2008.10130	text	January 2020
KAM and geodesic dynamics of blackholes Xue, Jinxin arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2012.03046	preprint	January 2020
Shadow cast by a rotating black hole with anisotropic matter Lee, Bum-Hoon; Lee, Wonwoo; Myung, Yun Soo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2101.04862	text	January 2021
Appearance of Keplerian discs orbiting on both sides of a reflection-symmetric wormhole Schee, Jan; Stuchík, Zdeněk arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2111.00750	text	January 2021

Similar Records

First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole

Journal Article · Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online) · OSTI ID:1674987

Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; +212 more

First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Data Processing and Calibration

Journal Article · Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online) · OSTI ID:1674987

Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; +214 more

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way

Journal Article · Thu May 12 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters · OSTI ID:1674987

Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; +385 more

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Title: Monitoring the Morphology of M87* in 2009–2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope

Citation Formats

References (61)

Cited By (4)

Similar Records

Related Subjects