Scattering-induced and highly tunable by gate damping-like spin-orbit torque in graphene doubly proximitized by two-dimensional magnet Cr 2 Ge 2 Te 6 and monolayer WS 2

Zollner, Klaus; Petrović, Marko D.; Dolui, Kapildeb; Plecháč, Petr; Nikolić, Branislav K.; Fabian, Jaroslav

doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043057

Title: Scattering-induced and highly tunable by gate damping-like spin-orbit torque in graphene doubly proximitized by two-dimensional magnet ${Cr}_{2} {Ge}_{2} {Te}_{6}$ and monolayer ${WS}_{2}$

Journal Article · Fri Oct 09 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043057· OSTI ID:1671370

; Petrović, Marko D.;

; Plecháč, Petr;

;

Graphene sandwiched between semiconducting monolayers of ferromagnet Cr₂Ge₂Te₆ and transition-metal dichalcogenide WS₂ acquires both spin-orbit (SO) coupling, of valley-Zeeman and Rashba types, and exchange coupling. Using first principles combined with quantum transport calculations, we predict that such doubly proximitized graphene within van der Waals heterostructure will exhibit SO torque driven by unpolarized charge current. This system lacks spin Hall current which is putatively considered as necessary for the efficient damping-like (DL) SO torque that plays a key role in magnetization switching. Instead, it demonstrates how a DL SO torque component can be generated solely by skew scattering off spin-independent potential barrier or impurities in purely two-dimensional electronic transport due to the presence of proximity SO coupling and its spin texture tilted out of plane. This leads to current-driven nonequilibrium spin density emerging in all spatial directions, whose cross product with proximity magnetization yields DL SO torque, unlike the ballistic regime with no scatterers in which only field-like (FL) SO torque appears. In contrast to SO torque on conventional metallic ferromagnets in contact with three-dimensional SO-coupled materials, the ratio of FL and DL components of SO torque can be tuned by more than an order of magnitude via combined top and back gates.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016380; ACI-1053575

OSTI ID:: 1671370

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1886903

Journal Information:: Physical Review Research, Journal Name: Physical Review Research Vol. 2 Journal Issue: 4; ISSN 2643-1564

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Scattering-induced and highly tunable by gate damping-like spin-orbit torque in graphene doubly proximitized by two-dimensional magnet Cr 2 Ge 2 Te 6 and monolayer WS 2

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Title: Scattering-induced and highly tunable by gate damping-like spin-orbit torque in graphene doubly proximitized by two-dimensional magnet ${Cr}_{2} {Ge}_{2} {Te}_{6}$ and monolayer ${WS}_{2}$