The compositional optimization and secondary phases evaluation regarding the creep resistance in Grade 91 steel through the CALPHAD approach

Smith, Andrew; Asadikiya, Mohammad; Chen, Jiuhua; Zhong, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.109591

The compositional optimization and secondary phases evaluation regarding the creep resistance in Grade 91 steel through the CALPHAD approach

Journal Article · Mon Feb 17 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Computational Materials Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.109591· OSTI ID:1669888

Smith, Andrew ^[1]; Asadikiya, Mohammad ^[2]; Chen, Jiuhua ^[3]; ^[2]

Florida International University, Miami, FL (United States); Worcester Polytechnic Institute, MA (United States); Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Worcester Polytechnic Institute, MA (United States)
Florida International University, Miami, FL (United States)

The critical secondary phases along with critical temperatures in regard to the creep resistance of Grade 91 steel alloy were evaluated in order to optimize the composition of the alloy to improve the creep resistance. The critical temperatures which are highlighted in this paper are Ac1 (the threshold temperature in which austinite begins to form), and Ac3 (the threshold temperature at which ferrite is fully transformed into austenite). Furthermore, optimization was presented through various Cr, V, Nb, and N concentrations in Gr.91 in relation to these critical temperatures and the mole fraction of M₂₃C₆, MX, and Z-Phase as critical secondary phases. Here, the results indicate that increasing V and Nb will increase MX stability, whereas decreasing Cr and N lead to a decrease in Z-Phase and M₂₃C₆ stability, which may lead to an increased creep resistance of the material. Upon further analyzing the V, Nb, and N concentrations in Gr.91, results indicate that increasing Nb content in the steel can lead to an increased stability of Nb-rich MX2 carbide which can be used to replace Z-Phase in low N steels. Simulation results indicate that elimination of N with a dramatic increase in Nb concentrations result in the stability increase of only M₂₃C₆ and MX2 phases at temperature regions between 600 °C and 1370 °C and a complete removal of Z-Phase precipitation. Overall, with the elimination of N, which destabilizes Z-Phase precipitation, and an increase in Nb for NbC carbide stability, a possible solution to increasing both long-term and short-term creep resistance for Gr.91 can be achieved, though further optimization and creep experiments need to be conducted for final conclusions.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Florida International University, Miami, FL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

Contributing Organization:: Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0027800

OSTI ID:: 1669888

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1599967

Journal Information:: Computational Materials Science, Journal Name: Computational Materials Science Vol. 177; ISSN 0927-0256

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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