Investigation of thin oxide layer removal from Si substrates using an SiO2 atomic layer etching approach: the importance of the reactivity of the substrate

Metzler, Dominik; Li, Chen; Lai, C. Steven; Hudson, Eric A.; Oehrlein, Gottlieb S.

doi:10.1088/1361-6463/aa71f1

Title: Investigation of thin oxide layer removal from Si substrates using an SiO₂ atomic layer etching approach: the importance of the reactivity of the substrate

Journal Article · Tue Jun 06 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa71f1· OSTI ID:1660334

Metzler, Dominik ^[1]; Li, Chen ^[1]; Lai, C. Steven ^[2]; Hudson, Eric A. ^[2]; Oehrlein, Gottlieb S. ^[1]

University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
Lam Research Corporation, Fremont, CA (United States)

The evaluation of a plasma-based atomic layer etching (ALE) approach for native oxide surface removal from Si substrates is described. Objectives include removal of the native oxide while minimizing substrate damage, surface residues and substrate loss. Oxide thicknesses were measured using in situ ellipsometry and surface chemistry was analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The cyclic ALE approach when used for removal of native oxide SiO₂ from a Si substrate did not remove native oxide to the extent required. This is due to the high reactivity of the silicon substrate during the low-energy (<40 eV) ion bombardment phase of the cyclic ALE approach which leads to reoxidation of the silicon surface. A modified process, which used continuously biased Ar plasma with periodic CF₄ injection, achieved significant oxygen removal from the Si surface, with some residual carbon and fluorine. A subsequent H₂/Ar plasma exposure successfully removed residual carbon and fluorine while passivating the silicon surface. The combined treatment reduced oxygen and carbon levels to about half compared to as received silicon surfaces. The downside of this process sequence is a net loss of about 40 Å of Si. A generic insight of this work is the importance of the substrate and final surface chemistry in addition to precise etch control of the target film for ALE processes. By a fluorocarbon-based ALE technique, thin SiO₂ layer removal at the Ångstrom level can be precisely performed from an inert substrate, e.g. a thick SiO₂ layer. However, from a reactive substrate, like Si, complete removal of the thin SiO₂ layer is prevented by the high reactivity of low energy Ar⁺ ion bombarded Si. In conclusion, the Si surfaces are reoxidized during the ALE ion bombardment etch step, even for very clean and ultra-low O₂ process conditions.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001939; CBET-1134273

OSTI ID:: 1660334

Journal Information:: Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 25; ISSN 0022-3727

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 19 works

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Title: Investigation of thin oxide layer removal from Si substrates using an SiO2 atomic layer etching approach: the importance of the reactivity of the substrate

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Title: Investigation of thin oxide layer removal from Si substrates using an SiO₂ atomic layer etching approach: the importance of the reactivity of the substrate