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Nonpassivated Silicon Anode Surface

Journal Article · · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [4];  [4];  [3];  [1];  [2];  [5];  [1];  [6]
  1. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  2. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
  3. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  4. Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
  5. Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD (United States)
  6. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
A stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) has been proven to be a key enabler to most advanced battery chemistries, where the reactivity between the electrolyte and the anode operating beyond the electrolyte stability limits must be kinetically suppressed by such SEIs. The graphite anode used in state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries presents the most representative SEI example. Because of similar operation potentials between graphite and silicon (Si), a similar passivation mechanism has been thought to apply on the Si anode when using the same carbonate-based electrolytes. Herein, we found that the chemical formation process of a proto-SEI on Si is closely entangled with incessant SEI decomposition, detachment, and reparation, which lead to continuous lithium consumption. Using a special galvanostatic protocol designed to observe the SEI formation prior to Si lithiation, we were able to deconvolute the electrochemical formation of such dynamic SEI from the morphology and mechanical complexities of Si and showed that a pristine Si anode could not be fully passivated in carbonate-based electrolytes.
Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725; AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
1659848
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1797644
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5K00-76249; MainId:6672; UUID:9ce43a1f-2a5b-ea11-9c31-ac162d87dfe5; MainAdminID:13494
Journal Information:
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Journal Name: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Journal Issue: 23 Vol. 12; ISSN 1944-8244
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
carbonate electrolytes
silicon anode
solid-electrolyte interphase
surface and lithium-ion battery