Microstructure evolution during binder jet additive manufacturing of H13 tool steel

Nandwana, Peeyush; Kannan, Rangasayee; Siddel, Derek

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2020.101534

Microstructure evolution during binder jet additive manufacturing of H13 tool steel

Journal Article · Fri Aug 14 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Additive Manufacturing

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101534· OSTI ID:1659615

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Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Energy and Transportation Science Division

H13 is one of the most used tool steels for both hot and cold work tooling applications. Binder jet additive manufacturing offers the potential to deposit complex tools at scale due to larger powder bed sizes and faster deposition rates. However, to date there is no published literature on the sintering of H13 to full densification. Here, we discuss the pressureless sintering of binder jet AM H13 steel to full densification via supersolidus liquid phase sintering (SLPS) while presenting appropriate process windows (1360 °C – 1380 °C) for densification without distortion. The process windows have been rationalized based on thermodynamic calculations of liquid volume fractions with temperature. We show that higher binder saturation results in higher carbon retention and subsequently early liquid formation that can initiate the sintering process at lower temperatures. We report abnormal grain growth during sintering and found that the solidification phase transformations play a critical role on microstructural evolution and must be considered to accurately model the kinetics of SLPS.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Advanced Manufacturing Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1659615

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1809815

Journal Information:: Additive Manufacturing, Journal Name: Additive Manufacturing Vol. 36; ISSN 2214-8604

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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