Lightwave terahertz quantum manipulation of nonequilibrium superconductor phases and their collective modes

Mootz, M.; Wang, J.; Perakis, I. E.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.102.054517

Lightwave terahertz quantum manipulation of nonequilibrium superconductor phases and their collective modes

Journal Article · Mon Aug 24 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review. B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.102.054517· OSTI ID:1658569

^[1]; Wang, J. ^[2]; ^[1]

Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, AL (United States)
Ames Lab., and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)

In this work, we present a gauge-invariant density matrix description of nonequilibrium superconductor (SC) states with spatial and temporal correlations driven by intense terahertz (THz) lightwaves. We derive superconductor Bloch-Maxwell equations of motion that extend Anderson pseudospin models to include the Cooper pair center-of-mass motion and electromagnetic propagation effects. We thus describe quantum control of dynamical phases, collective modes, quasiparticle coherence, and high nonlinearities during cycles of carrier wave oscillations, which relates to our recent experiments. Coherent photogeneration of a nonlinear supercurrent with a dc component, achieved via condensate acceleration by an effective lightwave field, dynamically breaks the equilibrium inversion symmetry. Experimental signatures include high harmonic light emission at equilibrium-symmetry-forbidden frequencies, Rabi-Higgs collective modes and quasiparticle coherence, and nonequilibrium moving condensate states tuned by few-cycle THz fields. We use such lightwaves as an oscillating accelerating force that drives strong nonlinearities and anisotropic quasiparticle populations to control and amplify different classes of collective modes, e.g., damped oscillations, persistent oscillations, and overdamped dynamics via Rabi flopping. Recent phase-coherent nonlinear spectroscopy experiments can be modeled by solving the full nonlinear quantum dynamics including self-consistent light-matter coupling.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States); Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, AL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11358; SC0019137

OSTI ID:: 1658569

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1971739

Report Number(s):: IS-J--10,303

Journal Information:: Physical Review. B, Journal Name: Physical Review. B Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 102; ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Light quantum control of persisting Higgs modes in iron-based superconductors Vaswani, C.; Kang, J. H.; Mootz, M. Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20350-6	journal	January 2021
Third harmonic generation from collective modes in disordered superconductors Seibold, G.; Udina, M.; Castellani, C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2010.12507	text	January 2020

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