Optimal conditions for efficient flow-electrode capacitive deionization

Tang, Kexin; Yiacoumi, Sotira; Li, Yuping; Gabitto, Jorge; Tsouris, Costas

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116626

Optimal conditions for efficient flow-electrode capacitive deionization

Journal Article · Mon Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Separation and Purification Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116626· OSTI ID:1657904

Tang, Kexin ^[1]; Yiacoumi, Sotira ^[2]; Li, Yuping ^[3]; Gabitto, Jorge ^[4]; Tsouris, Costas ^[5]

Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China). Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Inst. of Process Engineering; Tianjin Univ. (China). National Engineering Research Center for Distillation Technology
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China). Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Inst. of Process Engineering
Prairie View A&M Univ., Prairie View, TX (United States)
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

One of the current barriers to achieving fast and stable performance for flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) is determining optimal operating parameters. To date, however, no consensus has been reached for universal conditions for FCDI. Through experimental and modeling approaches in this study, we systematically evaluated the influence of applied potential (V = 1.2–2.4 V) and electrolyte concentration (C0 = 0.05–0.5 M) on the FCDI and electrodialysis (ED) desalination processes. Evaluation indicators include the concentration decrease in the desalinated solution, salt removal rates, pH fluctuations, charge efficiency, and energy consumption. Results demonstrated that the dynamic curves of concentration decrease at 2.0 V nearly overlapped with the response at 1.6 V at certain electrolyte concentrations, while the salt removal rates at 0.2 M salt concentration were the best among all concentrations tested at a range of applied potential. Therefore, it was thus concluded that the optimum conditions for FCDI operation are 1.6 V applied potential and 0.2 M initial salt concentration, under which faradaic reactions are not being triggered, and concentration polarization does not significantly affect ion transfer. Furthermore, a comparative study between FCDI and ED indicated that ED has a different dependence on the electrolyte concentration and applied potential, in which the desalination can be linearly enhanced with increasing potential but greatly limited at high concentrations. Due to the presence of carbon particles in FCDI, the enhanced charge/ion transfer is probably the main reason for the different desalination performance of FCDI and ED. Overall, the optimal operating parameters obtained in this work could be used as basic test conditions for further development of new carbon-based materials for FCDI.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: China Scholarship Council (CSC); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1657904

Journal Information:: Separation and Purification Technology, Journal Name: Separation and Purification Technology Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 240; ISSN 1383-5866

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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FCDI modeling
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Optimal conditions for efficient flow-electrode capacitive deionization

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