Suppressing Cation Migration in Triple-Cation Lead Halide Perovskites

Pavlovetc, Ilia M.; Brennan, Michael C.; Draguta, Sergiu; Ruth, Anthony; Moot, Taylor; Christians, Jeffrey A.; Aleshire, Kyle; Harvey, Steven P.; Toso, Stefano; Nanayakkara, Sanjini U.; Messinger, Jonah; Luther, Joseph M.; Kuno, Masaru

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01207

Suppressing Cation Migration in Triple-Cation Lead Halide Perovskites

Journal Article · Mon Aug 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · ACS Energy Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01207· OSTI ID:1657791

Pavlovetc, Ilia M. ^[1]; ^[2]; Draguta, Sergiu ^[3]; Ruth, Anthony ^[4]; Moot, Taylor ^[5]; ^[5]; Aleshire, Kyle ^[6]; ^[7]; Toso, Stefano ^[8]; Nanayakkara, Sanjini U. ^[7]; Messinger, Jonah ^[7]; ^[7]; ^[6]

Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States); University of Notre Dame
Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States); Univ. Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia (Italy)
First Solar, Perrysburg, OH (United States)
Hunt Perovskite Technologies, Dallas, TX (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Hope College, Holland, MI (United States)
Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Univ. Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia (Italy); Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova (Italy)

Ion migration represents an intrinsic instability of metal halide perovskite solar cells. In this work, we show that triple-cation FA_xMA_yCs_1–x–yPbI₃ [FA⁺ = (NH₂)₂CH⁺, MA⁺ = CH₃NH₃⁺] active layers with mixed orthorhombic, post-perovskite (δ_ortho-CsPbI₃), and cubic perovskite (α) phases (i.e., α/δ-phase FA_xMA_yCs_1–x–yPbI₃) exhibit improved cation stability against applied bias relative to pure α-phase perovskites (i.e., FA_0.85Cs_0.15PbI₃ and FA_0.76MA_0.15Cs_0.09PbI₃). Infrared photothermal heterodyne imaging and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry are used to visualize exclusive α-phase perovskite lateral device A⁺ cation accumulation (depletion) at perovskite negative (positive) electrode interfaces. The resulting compositional heterogeneities lead to degradation. Operational stability testing of solar cells reveals similar degradation behavior; α/δ-phase FA_xMA_yCs_1–x–yPbI₃ lateral devices/solar cells, by contrast, show improved stabilities. Enhanced α/δ-FA_xMA_yCs_1–x–yPbI₃ stability is rationalized by δortho-phase inclusions, acting as barriers through which A⁺ cations do not easily migrate. This study thus provides new insights into cation migration in FA_xMAyCs_1–x–yPbI₃ perovskites and suggests a materials design strategy toward suppressing cation instabilities in hybrid perovskites.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; SC0014334; SC0014664

OSTI ID:: 1657791

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1660218

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5900-76887

Journal Information:: ACS Energy Letters, Journal Name: ACS Energy Letters Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 5; ISSN 2380-8195

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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