Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme

Raymond, James A.; Morgan-Kiss, Rachael; Stahl-Rommel, Sarah

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.01259

Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme

Journal Article · Thu Aug 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Frontiers in Plant Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01259· OSTI ID:1657211

Raymond, James A. ^[1]; Morgan-Kiss, Rachael ^[2]; Stahl-Rommel, Sarah ^[2]

Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV (United States); Miami University
Miami Univ., Oxford, OH (United States)

Glycerol, a compatible solute, has previously been found to act as an osmoprotectant in some marine Chlamydomonas species and several species of Dunaliella from hypersaline ponds. Recently, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Dunaliella salina were shown to make glycerol with an unusual bidomain enzyme, which appears to be unique to algae, that contains a phosphoserine phosphatase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Here we report that two psychrophilic species of Chlamydomonas (C. spp. UWO241 and ICE-MDV) from Lake Bonney, Antarctica also produce high levels of glycerol to survive in the lake’s saline waters. Glycerol concentration increased linearly with salinity and at 1.3 M NaCl, exceeded 400 mM in C. sp. UWO241, the more salt-tolerant strain. We also show that both species expressed several isoforms of the bidomain enzyme. An analysis of one of the isoforms of C. sp. UWO241 showed that it was strongly upregulated by NaCl and is thus the likely source of glycerol. These results reveal another adaptation of the Lake Bonney Chlamydomonas species that allow them to survive in an extreme polar environment.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Miami Univ., Oxford, OH (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019138

OSTI ID:: 1657211

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Name: Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 11; ISSN 1664-462X

Publisher:: Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
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Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme

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