Aqueous Ni-rich-cathode dispersions processed with phosphoric acid for lithium-ion batteries with ultra-thick electrodes

Kukay, Alexander; Sahore, Ritu; Parejiya, Anand Vasudevbhai; Hawley, William Blake; Li, Jianlin; Wood III, David L.

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.144

Title: Aqueous Ni-rich-cathode dispersions processed with phosphoric acid for lithium-ion batteries with ultra-thick electrodes

Journal Article · Wed Aug 05 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.144· OSTI ID:1649163

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Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) production can benefit both economically and environmentally from aqueous processing. Although these electrodes have the potential to surpass electrodes conventionally processed with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in terms of performance, significant issues still exist with respect to ultra-thick cathodes ($$\gg$$4 mAh/cm² areal capacities). A major concern for these types of electrodes with high-nickel active material stems from lithium leaching from active material, which drives the pH of the dispersion in excess of 12 and subsequently corrodes the current collector interface. As this corrosion reaction proceeds, hydrogen generation at the interface creates bubbles which cause severe cracking in the dried electrode surface. When areal loadings are increased, this effect becomes more pronounced and is detrimental to both mechanical and electrochemical properties of these electrodes. In this work, a technique for mitigating corrosion at the current collector by adjusting the pH of the dispersion with the addition of phosphoric acid is investigated. Phosphoric acid was added in 0.5 wt% increments between 0.0 and 1.5 wt%, and effects on rheology, adhesion, corrosion, and electrochemical performance were investigated. A technique is reported for producing aqueous processed cathodes with areal loadings of 6–8 mAh/cm² with reduced surface cracking and superior high-rate discharge capacity (i.e. high-power performance) for this class of cathode loadings.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1649163

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1647693

Journal Information:: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 581, Issue B; ISSN 0021-9797

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Aqueous Ni-rich-cathode dispersions processed with phosphoric acid for lithium-ion batteries with ultra-thick electrodes

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