Sustainable recycling of cathode scraps via Cyrene-based separation

Bai, Yaocai; Hawley, W. Blake; Jafta, Charl J.; Muralidharan, Nitin; Polzin, Bryant J.; Belharouak, Ilias

doi:10.1016/j.susmat.2020.e00202

Sustainable recycling of cathode scraps via Cyrene-based separation

Journal Article · Fri Jul 17 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Sustainable Materials and Technologies

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2020.e00202· OSTI ID:1649102

Bai, Yaocai ^[1]; Hawley, W. Blake ^[2]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Polzin, Bryant J. ^[3]; ^[2]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Separation of cathode materials from the current collector remains a challenging task for the recycling of both spent lithium-ion batteries and cathode scraps. Dissolving the organic binder polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) with an organic solvent to recover both cathode materials and Al foils is an efficient and promising method. However, the use of toxic solvents limits their practical application in recycling large amounts of cathode scraps generated during the manufacturing process. Cyrene, a bioderived green solvent, is proposed here for a solvent-based separation process. This study investigated a closed-loop recovery process to reclaim cathode materials, Al foils, and PVDF binder from cathode scraps. Furthermore, the reuse of the Cyrene solvent led to a circular recycling process. Additionally, the Cyrene-based separation process embraces a sustainable electrode recovery and reuse platform and paves the way for battery recycling.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1649102

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1704009
OSTI ID: 1780723

Journal Information:: Sustainable Materials and Technologies, Journal Name: Sustainable Materials and Technologies Journal Issue: NA Vol. 25; ISSN 2214-9937

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (17)

Bio-available Solvent Cyrene: Synthesis, Derivatization, and Applications Camp, Jason E. ChemSusChem, Vol. 11, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201801420	journal	August 2018
Beneficial rheological properties of lithium-ion battery cathode slurries from elevated mixing and coating temperatures Hawley, W. Blake; Li, Jianlin Journal of Energy Storage, Vol. 26 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2019.100994	journal	December 2019
Recycling End-of-Life Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Batteries Chen, Mengyuan; Ma, Xiaotu; Chen, Bin Joule, Vol. 3, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.09.014	journal	November 2019
Heat treatment of LiCoO2 recovered from cathode scraps with solvent method Song, Dawei; Wang, Xiaoqing; Nie, Hehe Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 249 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.062	journal	March 2014
New frontiers in sustainable membrane preparation: Cyrene™ as green bioderived solvent Marino, T.; Galiano, F.; Molino, A. Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 580 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2019.03.034	journal	June 2019
Recovery of cathode materials and Al from spent lithium-ion batteries by ultrasonic cleaning He, Li-Po; Sun, Shu-Ying; Song, Xing-Fu Waste Management, Vol. 46 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.08.035	journal	December 2015
Green and Sustainable Solvents in Chemical Processes Clarke, Coby J.; Tu, Wei-Chien; Levers, Oliver Chemical Reviews, Vol. 118, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00571	journal	January 2018
Sustainable Recycling and Regeneration of Cathode Scraps from Industrial Production of Lithium-Ion Batteries Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Xue, Qing; Li, Li ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01948	journal	October 2016
Dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) As a Green Alternative to N,N -Dimethylformamide (DMF) in MOF Synthesis Zhang, Jinfeng; White, Gabrielle B.; Ryan, Michaela D. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02115	journal	October 2016
Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles Harper, Gavin; Sommerville, Roberto; Kendrick, Emma Nature, Vol. 575, Issue 7781 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1682-5	journal	November 2019
Examining different recycling processes for lithium-ion batteries Ciez, Rebecca E.; Whitacre, J. F. Nature Sustainability, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0222-5	journal	February 2019
Dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) as a bio-based alternative for dipolar aprotic solvents Sherwood, James; De bruyn, Mario; Constantinou, Andri Chem. Commun., Vol. 50, Issue 68 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC04133J	journal	January 2014
CHEM21 selection guide of classical- and less classical-solvents Prat, Denis; Wells, Andy; Hayler, John Green Chemistry, Vol. 18, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5GC01008J	journal	January 2016
Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens Camp, Jason E.; Nyamini, Simbarashe B.; Scott, Fraser J. RSC Medicinal Chemistry, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9MD00341J	journal	January 2020
Development of bio-acrylic polymers from Cyrene™: transforming a green solvent to a green polymer Ray, Parijat; Hughes, Timothy; Smith, Craig Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 10, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9PY00353C	journal	January 2019
Fabrication of PES/PVP Water Filtration Membranes Using Cyrene®, a Safer Bio-Based Polar Aprotic Solvent Milescu, Roxana A.; McElroy, C. Robert; Farmer, Thomas J. Advances in Polymer Technology, Vol. 2019 https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9692859	journal	July 2019
Key issues for Li-ion battery recycling Gaines, Linda; Richa, Kirti; Spangenberger, Jeffrey MRS Energy & Sustainability, Vol. 5 https://doi.org/10.1557/mre.2018.13	journal	January 2018

Similar Records

Recovery of materials from electrode scraps and spent lithium-ion batteries via a green solvent-based separation process

Patent · Tue May 30 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · OSTI ID:1998430

Can Greener Cyrene Replace NMP for Electrode Preparation of NMC 811 Cathodes?

Journal Article · Mon Apr 26 20:00:00 EDT 2021 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society · OSTI ID:1848579

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
Cyrene
Direct recycling
Electrode materials
Lithium-ion batteries
Polyvinylidene fluoride

Sustainable recycling of cathode scraps via Cyrene-based separation

Citation Formats

References (17)

Similar Records

Related Subjects