Investigating the Effects of Lithium Deposition on the Abuse Response of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Deichmann, Eric; Torres-Castro, Loraine; Lamb, Joshua; Karulkar, Mohan; Ivanov, Sergei; Grosso, Christopher; Gray, Lucas; Langendorf, Jill; Garzon, Fernando

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ab9941

Investigating the Effects of Lithium Deposition on the Abuse Response of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Journal Article · Mon Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab9941· OSTI ID:1639089

Deichmann, Eric ^[1]; ^[1]; Lamb, Joshua ^[1]; Karulkar, Mohan ^[1]; Ivanov, Sergei ^[2]; Grosso, Christopher ^[1]; Gray, Lucas ^[1]; Langendorf, Jill ^[1]; Garzon, Fernando ^[3]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Advanced Power Sources R&D
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT)
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Li deposition at the graphitic anode is widely reported in literature as one of the leading causes of capacity fade in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Previous literature has linked Li deposition resulting from low-temperature ageing to diminished safety characteristics, however no current research has probed the effects of Li deposition on the abuse response of well-characterized cells. Using overtemperature testing, a relationship between increased concentrations of Li deposition and exacerbated abuse response in 1 Ah pouch cells has been established. A novel Li deposition technique is also investigated, where cells with n:p < 1 (anode-limiting) have been cycled at a high rate to exploit Li⁺ diffusion limitations at the anode. Scanning Electron Microscopy of harvested anodes indicates substantial Li deposition in low n:p cells after 20 cycles, with intricate networks of Li(s) deposits which hinder Li⁺ intercalation/deintercalation. Peak broadening and decreased amplitude of differential capacity plots further validates a loss of lithium inventory to Li⁺ dissolution, and Powder X-ray Diffraction indicates Li⁺ intercalation with staging in anode interstitial sites as the extent of Li deposition increases. A cradle-to-grave approach is leveraged on cell fabrication and testing to eliminate uncertainty involving the effects of cell additives on Li deposition and other degradation mechanisms.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525; 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1639089

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1764223

Report Number(s):: SAND--2020-6867J; 687152

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online), Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online) Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 167; ISSN 1945-7111

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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